Igazi liwuketshezi oluphambili lomzimba, ngakho-ke isimo salo kufanele siqashwe ngokucophelela. Ngemuva kwakho konke, ngisho noshintsho olungasho lutho ekwakhiweni kwalo lungaholela emiphumeleni emibi.
Izinga likashukela liyinkomba ebalulekile yokusebenza okujwayelekile kwazo zonke izitho nezinqubo emzimbeni womuntu. Ukuqunjelwa kwe-glucose kukhombisa ukuthi kwenzeka kanjani i-carbohydrate metabolism, futhi le nto futhi ibhekwa njengomthombo wamandla amakhulu womzimba.
Ushukela ungena egazini ngemuva kokudla kakhulu i-carbohydrate. Okuqukethwe kwalo kungaba phansi, kuvamile futhi kuphakeme.
Wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi lapho amazinga eglucose ephezulu kakhulu, kuthinta kakhulu amasistimu nezinhlaka kabi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi simo sivamile kubantu abanesifo sikashukela. Kepha uma ushukela wegazi ungaphansi kokujwayelekile, kusho ukuthini lokho?
Kuyini i-hypoglycemia futhi kungani kukhula?
Izinga loshukela wegazi lixhunyaniswa nalokho umuntu akudla njalo. Ngakho-ke, lapho udla izitsha ezinoshukela ne-carbohydrate, izinkomba zanda kakhulu. Ngasikhathi sinye, ama-pancreas aqala ukukhiqiza ngokunzulu i-insulin - i-hormone esebenza nge-glucose ibe namandla.
Lapho i-insulin iyeka ukukhiqizwa, okuqukethwe kweglucose kufanele kube ngokwejwayelekile, kepha lokhu akwenzeki ngezifo ezahlukahlukene. Isibonelo, kushukela, i-hypoglycemia ivame ukwenzeka lapho, ngemuva kokudla, amanyikwe engakhiqizi inani elidingekayo le-hormone.
Kepha kwesinye isikhathi ushukela ophansi ubuye ubonwe kumuntu onempilo. Imvamisa lokhu kwenzeka ngesikhathi somthwalo wokuqina okuhlukahlukene.
Izinga lokudla okushukela elijwayelekile ekuseni lisuka ku-3.3 liye ku-5.5 mmol / L. Ngokuphambuka okuncane kwe-5.6-6.6 mmol / l, singakhuluma ngokubekezelela ushukela okhubazekile. Lesi simo singumngcele phakathi kokujwayelekile nokuphambuka, futhi uma ushukela ungaphezulu kwe-6.7 mmol / l, khona-ke lokhu kubhekwa njengophawu olucacile lwesifo sikashukela.
I-Hypoglycemia ingabakhona hhayi kwabanesifo sikashukela kuphela, kepha futhi kubantu abaphilile nasezinganeni. Izimbangela eziholela ushukela ophansi yilezi:
- Ukuzivocavoca okukhulu komzimba ngokudla okuphansi kwekhalori.
- Ukudla ukudla okungenamsoco njalo (ukudla okusheshayo, amaswidi, ufulawa).
- Ukuthatha umuthi othile.
- Ukukhulelwa kusenesikhathi.
- Ukomisa.
- Ukusetshenziswa kwe-beta-blockers ngemuva kwezemidlalo.
- Ukuya esikhathini kubantu besifazane.
- Ukusabela komzimba wengane ukuthatha i-acetylsalicylic acid.
Izimbangela ze-hypoglycemia emantombazaneni amancane ukwehluleka ukulandela indlela yokudla. Ngemuva kwakho konke, abesifazane bavame ukuhlala ekudleni okuphansi kwekhalori.
Imikhuba emibi (ukubhema, utshwala) nakho kungokwehlisa ukugxila kwakho kwe-glucose. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuze kube yilapho umuntu ebushiya ngokuphelele utshwala nogwayi, akunakwenzeka njalo ukwenza amazinga kashukela abe nawo ngisho nangosizo lwemithi.
Imvamisa, izimbangela ze-hypoglycemia zilele phambi kwamathumba abuhlungu. Ngemuva kwakho konke, isimila kumanyikwe i-pancreas kwesinye isikhathi kuholela ekwandisweni kwezicubu, kufaka phakathi amaseli we-beta, obhekene nokukhiqizwa kwe-insulin.
Ku-diabetes, ushukela oncishisiwe uyatholakala ngenxa ye-overdose ye-insulin noma ezinye izidakamizwa futhi ubhekene nezinkinga zezinso eziqhubekayo. Ukushintshwa kwezidakamizwa nakho kuphakamisa ukweqa emazingeni kashukela.
Izimbangela ezilandelayo ze-hypoglycemia kwisifo sikashukela yindlala, ukuzivocavoca ngokweqile, ukuphuza izidakamizwa, utshwala nokungenisa i-ejenti entsha eyehlisela ushukela ekwelashweni.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinga eliphansi likashukela egazini lingakhula uma onesifo sikashukela ehlisa i-ushukela ngaphandle kokulungisa umthamo wemithi eyinhloko.
Izimpawu nokuxilongwa
Isikhombi esincane seglucose sivame ukubonakala ekuseni, ngokushesha ngemuva kokukhuthaza. Kulokhu, ukwenza kube ngokwejwayelekile, kwanele ukuba nesidlo sasekuseni esiqinile.
Kepha kwesinye isikhathi ngemuva kwesidlo sasekuseni noma sasemini kukhona i-hypoglycemia yokuphendula. Lesi sibonakaliso sivame ukukhombisa ukukhula kwesifo sikashukela.
Ukubonakaliswa okuyinhloko kokugxila kashukela omncane kufaka phakathi:
- i-hyperhidrosis;
- isicanucanu
- ukushaya ngamandla njalo ne-tachycardia;
- ukuvutha okukhulu nokuthuthumela ezandleni;
- ukoma okukhulu nendlala;
- ikhanda likashukela;
- ukungahambi kahle;
- polyuria.
Ezinye izinkomba ushukela ophansi ukuqina, ukufiphala kwesikhumba sobuso, imilenze nezingalo, ukunganaki nesiyezi. Imvamisa kuba nokuphazamiseka okubukwayo (izimpukane, umbono ophindwe kabili noma iveli emehlweni), usindeka, ubuthakathaka noma ukuqina kwemilenze. Futhi, nge-hyperglycemia, izithukuthuku zezandla, ezenzeka ngisho nasemakhazeni.
Ukuboniswa kukashukela ophansi ebusuku bakhuluma ngesikhathi sokulala, imfihlo enamandla yokujuluka. Futhi ngemuva kokuvuka, umuntu uzizwa ebuthakathaka futhi uhlala ecasulwa yizinto ezincane.
Izimpawu ezinjalo zenzeka ngenxa yendlala yobuchopho. Ngakho-ke, uma ushukela wegazi ungaphansi kokujwayelekile (ngaphansi kuka-3.3 mmol / l) khona-ke ama-carbohydrate kufanele aqedwe ngokushesha.
Uma kungekho senzo, inani lezinkinga ezithile lingaba khona. Esigabeni sokuqala, ukukhishwa, ukunakwa okuthikamezekayo, kuvela isithunzi nokukhuluma okungekho emthethweni.
Ngemuva kokuthi umuntu alahlekelwe yimizwa futhi kube khona ithuba lokuthi abe nesifo sokukholosha. Abantu abanesifo sikashukela abakulesi simo bavame ukuwa ubuthambo. Imvamisa hypoglycemia iholela ekwandeni kwesifo sohlangothi.
Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi izingane azizweli kakhulu ku-hypoglycemia. Kepha uma kushiwo, khona-ke iziguli ezinjalo nazo ziba nezimpawu ezimbalwa, ezibandakanya:
- isifiso esinamandla;
- Ubuhlungu emilenzeni nasiswini;
- ubuthakathaka
- isifiso sokuphumula;
- ukuthula nokuzola komoya;
- ukungacabangi okusheshayo kokucabanga;
- ukujuluka kwekhanda.
Ukuxilongwa kwe-hypoglycemia kususelwa ezicini ezintathu. Lezi izivivinyo zaselebhu, umlando wezokwelapha kanye nezikhalazo zeziguli.
Ukuze wazi izinga loshukela endaweni yokucwaninga, kwenziwa isivivinyo sokubekezelela ushukela. Umongo wayo ulele ekutheni esiswini esingenalutho isiguli siqopha izinkomba, bese simnika ikhambi elimnandi. Ngemuva kwamahora ama-2, izinga likashukela lilinganiswa futhi.
Ungathola futhi ngokuba khona kwe-hypo- noma i-hyperglycemia ekhaya. Ngale njongo, sebenzisa i-glucometer.
Izindlela eziphuthumayo zokwandisa ushukela we-glucose
Uma ushukela ungeyona into ephansi kakhulu, khona-ke ungasusa ngokwakho lesi simo. Kulokhu, udinga ukudla amanye ama-carbohydrate asheshayo noma uphuze isixazululo sikashukela.
Ngemuva kwalokho, kubalulekile ukukala ngemuva kwemizuzu eyi-10. Uma phakathi nalesi sikhathi izinga lingakhuphuki, khona-ke kufanele uthathe isixazululo esincane esimnandi noma ukudla wenze isivivinyo sesibili.
Uma kwenzeka kwehla kakhulu amazinga kashukela, kufanele kudliwe ukudla okune-GI ephezulu. Lokhu kufaka uju, ulamula noma ujusi, ushukela ocwengekile, i-caramel nejamu.
Kodwa-ke, ukuze ukhuphule ngokushesha i-glucose, awukwazi ukudla izithelo, ama-carbohydrate ahamba kancane, amakhekhe, ushokoledi, ukudla okunoshukela kanye no-ayisikhilimu. Ngokudla okulandelayo, kuyasiza futhi ukulinda kuze kube yilapho lesi simo sijwayelekile.
Kepha uma izinga likashukela lehlile kakhulu, kufanele ushayele i-ambulensi. Ngaphambi kokufika kwakhe, unganikeza isiguli isiphuzo setiye elimnandi kakhulu, kanti esibhedlela uzonikezwa isixazululo se-glucose (40%). Uma kwenzeka ulahlekelwe ukwazi, akufanele uphuze noma usuthise isiguli, ngoba kukhona ubungozi bokuthi uzosiklinya noma asithole. Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi yikuphi ukunakekelwa okuphuthumayo komuntu onesifo sikashukela okufanele abe yikho.
Ngaphambi kokuba kufike i-ambulensi, kungakuhle ukuthi ubeke isisulu eceleni kwayo, ugobe umlenze wakhe ongenhla edolweni. Lokhu ngeke kuvume ukuthi umgodi uminyanise ngolimi lwalo.
Uma unolwazi ekhaya, isiguli sifakwa nge-20 ml yesisombululo se-glucose, i-glucagon noma i-adrenaline (0.5 ml).
Ukwelashwa kokudla
Ukudla okunempilo kunomthelela omkhulu ekushintshashintsheni kwamazinga kashukela egazini. Ngakho-ke, iziguli ezinobungozi obukhulu bokukhula kwe-hyperglycemia kufanele zibonane nodokotela oyi-endocrinologist ozobanika ukudla okukhethekile.
Ukudla kukhethwa ngokusekelwe ezicini ezahlukahlukene (ubukhulu besimo, iminyaka, ukuba khona kwezifo ezihambisanayo). Kodwa-ke, kunemigomo ejwayelekile okufanele wonke umuntu angafuni ukuba nezinkinga zempilo, kubandakanya ushukela ophansi.
Umthetho wokuqala ukwanda kokudla kwama-carbohydrate ahamba kancane kancane. Le mikhiqizo ifaka phakathi izimpahla zokubhaka okusanhlamvu, imifino nezinhlamvu ezihlukahlukene.
Ngokwesilinganiso, ujusi, amaswidi, uju namakhukhi kufanele kudliwe. Futhi utshwala, i-muffin, umhluzi ocebile, i-semolina, i-pasta kusuka kukolweni othambile, amafutha ezilwane, izinongo kanye nenyama ebhemayo kufanele kushiywe.
Kubalulekile ukudla ngokwamaqhezu, ukuthatha ukudla ngezingxenye ezincane. Ukuthandwa kufanele kunikezwe ekudleni okune-fiber (amazambane, uphizi, ummbila). Ukudla okunjalo kubambezela ukumunca ushukela kusuka kuma-carbohydrate ayinkimbinkimbi.
Ingxenye ebophezelayo yemenyu yansuku zonke kufanele ibe izithelo. Kepha kungcono ukwenqaba izithelo ezimnandi kakhulu (ubhanana, ikhabe, ama-sitrobheli, amagilebhisi).
Indima ebalulekile ekudleni inikezwa amaprotheni, inani lawo okufanele linqobe ama-carbohydrate. Kuthandwa kakhulu ezinhlotsheni zokudla zenyama nezinhlanzi, okungukuthi inyama yomvundla, inkukhu, iturkey, inyama yenkomo, i-hake ne-menth. Ungadla futhi amantongomane nemikhiqizo yobisi enamafutha amancane.
Nakhu ukudla okulinganiselwa nsuku zonke, okunamathela lapho ungavimbela khona ukukhula kwe-hyperglycemia:
- Ukudla kwasekuseni - amaqanda abilisiwe, itiye elingafakiwe, ucezu lwesinkwa oluvela kufulawa wokusanhlamvu.
- Isidlakudla sokuqala ubisi (ingilazi eyi-1) noma isithelo esingafakiwe.
- Isidlo sasemini - isaladi yemifino kanye nesobho kumhluzi ongenamafutha amancane noma inhlanzi eshisayo enemifino netiye.
- Isidlakela sesibili umhluzi we-herbal nezithelo ezi-2 noma ama-walnuts (aze afike ku-50 g).
- Ukudla isidlo sasemini - inyama yenkabi ebilisiwe noma inkukhu ngemifino, itiye noma ne-chicory.
- 2 amahora ngaphambi kokulala, ungaphuza u-200 ml we-kefir (1%).
Ividiyo ekulesi sihloko iveza umnyombo we-GMpoglycemia kushukela.
