I-angiopathy yesifo sikashukela se-retina isifo esizimele. Njengoba igama lisho, lesi sifo singumphumela wokukhula kwesifo sikashukela emzimbeni, kwesinye sezinkinga zaso.
I-angiopathy yamehlo okuvela kokuphazamiseka ekusebenzeni kwemithambo yegazi yesitho sombono kanye noshintsho ekwakhiweni kodonga lwe-vascular iso. Ukushintshwa kwezifo zodonga lwamehlo okuholela ekutheni umuntu alahlekelwe umbono.
Kaningi, iziguli ziba ne-angiopathy ye-retinal emehlweni omabili.
Ukulahleka kombono kwenzeka ngenxa yezinqubo ezingenakuphikiswa esweni, okuyi:
- ushintsho lwe-necrotic ku-retina yeso;
- ukuthamba kwe-retinal;
- ukuqhuma kwe-retinal;
- ukubona isendlalelo se-photosensitive.
Yonke le miphumela yokuthuthukiswa kwe-angiopathy yamehlo ihlanganiswe ngaphansi kwegama elijwayelekile retinopathy.
Ukulimazeka kokubonakalayo kwenzeka ngenxa yokuwohloka kwesimo se-retina, okuthi, futhi, kwenzeke ngenxa yokuwohloka kokuhlinzekelwa kwegazi kuya kungqimba ye-photosensitive yesitho sokubona.
Uma kwenzeka kutholakala ngokuphelele i-retina, ubumpumputhe benzeka. Ukuhlakulela i-angiopathy ye-retina yamehlo womabili kungaholela ekulahlekelweni ngokuphelele kombono.
Izimbangela ze-angiopathy ye-retinal
I-Angiopathy ingumphumela wokuqalwa kwanoma yisiphi isifo esithinta isimo sohlelo lwezinzwa zomzimba.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi sifo singakhula ngenxa yokwanda kwe-osteochondrosis yomgogodla womlomo wesibeletho emzimbeni. I-Autoimmune vasculitis, i-lesion yokuvuvukala yohlelo lwe-vascular kanye nesifo segazi, ingaba yimbangela yokuvela kokukhubazeka ku-choroid yeso eye iso.
Izinguquko ohlelweni lwe-vascular of the fundus zingakhombisa ngokungaqondile ubukhulu bomonakalo ohlelweni lwe-vascular of the organism. Ngokuvamile, i-angiopathy yamehlo ivela ngalezi zizathu ezilandelayo:
- umfutho wegazi ophakeme wanoma yimuphi umsuka;
- isifo sikashukela mellitus;
- isifo sokuqina kwemizwa;
- i-hypotonic angiopathy - i-angiopathy eyenzeka ngomfutho wegazi ophansi;
- i-scoliosis
- ukulimala - i-angiopathy ebuhlungu.
Phezu kwezizathu ezifaka isandla ekuqhubekeni kwesifo, kukhona uhla oluphelele lwezinto ezibikezela ukuthi kunomthelela ekuqhubekeni kwesifo, izici ezinjengalezi:
- ukubhema
- ukuchayeka kwabantu ezintweni eziyingozi zemvelo, njengokukhishwa kwezimboni;
- izinhlobo ezahlukene zokudakwa komzimba;
- ukuba khona kokukhubazeka kokuzala kokukhula kwemithambo yegazi;
- ukuguga.
Emithini, izinhlobo eziningana ze-angiopathy ziyaziwa.
Izinhlobo zezimpawu ze-Angiopathy
Izimpawu zokuqala zokukhula kokuphazamiseka ukubukeka kwezimpukane phambi kwamehlo, ukubukeka kokukhanya mnyama emehlweni, ukubukeka ngezikhathi ezithile kwamabala amnyama noma amachashazi phambi kwamehlo, mhlawumbe ukubonakala kobuhlungu emehlweni, Ubuhlungu oboneni bamehlo. Imvamisa, umuntu ogulayo uzwa ikhanda futhi eshayeka ezinhlamvini zamehlo ngemuva komsebenzi odinga ukuqina kwamehlo. Esikhathini esizayo, ukungasebenzi kahle kwezitho zombono kwenzeka, futhi izimpawu eziyinhloko ziqhubeka.
Izinhlobo ezilandelayo ze-angiopathy ziyahlukaniswa ngokuya ngohlobo lokugula olungaphansi olubangele ukuqhubeka kwe-pathology yesistimu yemithambo yegazi:
- isifo sikashukela i-angiopathy;
- i-hypertonic;
- hypotonic;
- okuxakayo;
- Isifo sika-Ilse noma i-angiopathy yengane.
Ukubonakaliswa okuyinhloko kokuthuthuka kwesiphithiphithi ukulimala kwe-choroid yeso, okutholakele ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwensiza ekhethekile ehhovisi lezamehlo.
Ngokuya ngezizathu eziholele ekutheni kwenzeke lokhu kwephulwa, kungenzeka ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa ngesimo sokuncipha noma sokunwetshwa kwemithambo yegazi ekondla izicubu zesikhumba samehlo.
Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-angiopathy kungenzeka kunoma yisiphi isikhathi, kepha iningi labantu abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengama-30 bathintwa yilesi sifo.
Izici zesifo sikashukela, i-hypo- ne-hypertensive angiopathy
Ngokukhula kwesifo sikashukela emzimbeni, hhayi imithambo emincane kuphela ethintekayo, ebangela ukuvela kwe-microangiopathy, kodwa futhi nemithambo yegazi emikhulu eyondla iso leso.
Ngokunqotshwa kwemithambo emikhulu yegazi emzimbeni, ukuthuthukiswa kwe-macroangiopathy kuyabonakala. Lapho kwenzeka i-macroangiopathy, imithambo yegazi enkulu eyonakalisiwe ayonakalanga kuphela esakhiweni seso, kepha nakwezinye izitho zomzimba. Ukwehlulwa kwemikhumbi emikhulu emzimbeni wonke kuholela ekukhubazekeni.
Umfutho wegazi ophakeme uthinta udonga lwe-vascular, okuholela ekubhujisweni kwalo
Ukuqhubekela phambili kwesifo sikashukela kuholela ekujuleni komfutho emzimbeni. Ukuthuthukiswa kokuqina komfutho wegazi ophakeme nesifo sikashukela kuphakamisa ukubukeka kwengxaki eyinkimbinkimbi ebangelwa isifo sikashukela kanye nomfutho wegazi ophezulu. Le nkinga ibizwa ngokuthi yi-diabetesic hypertension angiopathy.
Inkinga ekhula ngaphansi kwethonya lomfutho wegazi ophezulu ibizwa ngokuthi i-angiopathy hypertensive.
Ingcindezi eyandayo ohlelweni lwe-vascular isebenza odongeni lwe-vascular, ichitha ungqimba lwayo olungaphakathi. Lokhu kuholela ekuxhumaneni kwezindonga kanye ne-fibrosis yazo. Imithambo ye-retina iqala ukuncipha endaweni yokuhlangana, okuholela ekwephulekeni kokujikeleza kwegazi. Ukwephula okuholela kuholele ekwakhiweni kwezimo ezivumayo ekwakhekeni kweziqalo zegazi nemithambo yegazi. Ukwanda kwengcindezi yegazi kuholela ekuqhekekeni kweminye imikhumbi. I-curvature yemikhumbi ye-fundus iyisibonakaliso esibonakalayo sokuthuthukiswa kwe-angiopathy ye-hypertensive.
Esimweni esithuthukile, iziguli zithuthukisa ukufiphala emgodini wamehlo, i-retinal opacization kanye ne-pathologies ebhubhisayo kwezicubu zomzimba kuyabonakala.
I-Hypotonic angiopathy iyathuthuka uma umuntu enomfutho wegazi ophansi emzimbeni. Ukwehla kwengcindezi kwehlisa izinga lokugeleza kwegazi, okubuye kube nomthelela ekwakhekeni kweziqalo zegazi. Le nkinga ibonakala ngokuxhunyaniswa kwemithambo yegazi nokwandiswa kwemithambo yegazi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, kutholakala ukudonsa kwemithambo, kwezinye izikhathi ukugogeka kunamandla kangangokuba umuntu uqala ukuzizwa esemehlweni.
Umuntu uba nesiyezi, izinhlungu ekhanda nokuxhomekeka kwesimo sezulu.
Izici zokuhlukumezeka nezintsha
I-angiopathy eyisihluku kwenzeka lapho ukucindezelwa kwesifuba, i-cranium, isifunda esiswini noma ukulimala komgogodla wesibeletho kwenzeka. Ukulimala engxenyeni yemithambo kwenzeka ngenxa yokwanda okubukhali kwengcindezi nokuxinzelelwa kwemithambo yegazi ezingeni lomgogodla wesibeletho. Isibonakaliso esibonakalayo salolu hlobo lokuxakeka ukubonakala kokushaxeka kwezicubu zomzimba kanye nokuncipha okuqinile kwama-fundus capillaries. Ngokuthuthukiswa kwale nkinga, ukwehla okubukhali kombono kuyabonakala, okungahlali kubuyiswa ngokuzayo.
I-angiopathy yentsha iyinkinga eyingakaze ifundwe ngokuphelele i-etiology. Ukuthuthukiswa kwezinkinga kwenzeka ngokumelene nesizinda senqubo yokuvuvukala eqhubeka ezindongeni zesistimu ye-vascular. Uhlobo lokubonakala kokuvuvukala alucaci kahle. Lapho kwenzeka lokhu kudalwa kwezifo, kuphakama ukuphuma kwesisu emzimbeni we-retina nowokuqina kwamehlo.
I-Juvenile angiopathy yohlobo oluhle kakhulu lokuxakaniseka. Ehlelweni lokuqhubeka, ukwanda kwezicubu ezithintekayo kanye nokubanjiswa kwe-retina kungabonakala.
Lesi simo siholela ekukhuleni komzimba we-glaucoma kanye ne-cataracts.
Ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa kwe-angiopathy
Kutholwe inkinga phakathi kwe-angiopathy ngesikhathi kuhlolisiswa i-fundus ehhovisi le-ophthalmologist.
Udokotela wamehlo uhlola imali yesiguli ngengane ekhulisiwe esebenzisa isibonakhulu. Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, i-ophthalmologist iveza ukuba khona kokuncipha kanye ne-vasodilation, ukuba khona kwama-hemorrhages nesikhundla se-macula.
Uma kunesidingo, kunikezwa izivivinyo ezingeziwe. Ukuze kutholakale lesi sifo kusetshenziswa:
- I-Ultrasound yemithambo yezitho zombono enesipikili ne-Doppler ukuskena kwemithambo ye-retina kwenza ukuthi kunqume ijubane lokuhamba kwegazi nokuhlola isimo odongeni lwemithambo yegazi.
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-X-ray usebenzisa i -oloka ephakathi kuvumela ukuthi uhlole ubunikazi bohlelo lwe-vascular kanye nesivinini sokugeleza kwegazi emithanjeni.
- Ukuxilongwa ikhompyutha.
- I-Magnetic resonance imaging isetshenziselwa ukuhlola isimo sezicubu ezithambile zesitho sokubona.
Ukwelashwa kwalesi sifo kufanele kuqale ekuqaleni kwentuthuko. Le ndlela izogwema ukuvela kwenkimbinkimbi yonke yezinkinga, phakathi kwazo okuyizilandelayo:
- ukulahleka kombono, okungaba okuphelele noma okuyingxenye;
- i-atrophy ye-opic nerve;
- ukuncishiswa kwensimu yokubuka.
I-Angiopathy ingukugula okudinga indlela ehlanganisiwe yokwelashwa. Ehlelweni lokukhetha irejimeni yokwelashwa, kuyadingeka ukubonisana nodokotela abaningana, ochwepheshe abakhulu phakathi kwabo yilaba:
- udokotela wenhliziyo;
- umelaphi;
- udokotela wezinzwa;
- ophthalmologist.
Ukuzikhethela kwendlela yokwelashwa kwenziwa odokotela abakhona lapho bebheka indlela yomuntu ngamunye, uhlobo lwesifo futhi kucatshangelwa izici zomzimba wesiguli.
Ukuvimbela Izifo
Lapho kutholakala uhlobo lwesifo esinegazi, okokuqala, inkomba yomfutho wegazi kufanele yenziwe ijwayelekile futhi igcinwe ezingeni elifanayo.
Lapho ukhomba uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela se-angiopathy, kufanele unake kakhulu ekudleni. Imenyu yomuntu onesifo sikashukela kufanele ibe nokudla okunokuqukethwe ushukela okuncane, lokhu kudla okuhlukahlukene kokudla kwabanesifo sikashukela.
Ngenqubo yokwenza izinqubo zokwelashwa, umuntu akufanele akhohlwe ngokuzivocavoca okulinganiselayo ngokomzimba, okusiza ekuqiniseni uhlelo lokujikeleza komzimba kanye nomzimba wonke, futhi futhi kufake isandla ekwenzeni ngcono ukumuncwa koshukela ngohlelo lwemisipha. Ehlelweni lokwelashwa, kusetshenziswa izindlela zokwelashwa, zokwelashwa komzimba nezabantu.
Izindlela eziphambili zokuvikela yizinyathelo okuhloswe ngazo ukugcina umzimba usesimweni esijwayelekile sokusebenza. Ngale njongo, abantu abanomfutho wegazi ophakeme kufanele bahlolwe njalo ngabezenhliziyo, futhi uma kunesifo sikashukela emzimbeni, kubalulekile ukubheka amazinga kashukela egazini njalo futhi uthintane njalo nodokotela ogcina umzimba. Iziguli kufanele ziphila impilo enempilo, zilahle imikhuba emibi futhi zilandele indlela yokudla eyenziwe ngabezempilo.
Iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela kufanele zilandele ngokuqinile ekudleni okuphansi kwe-carb.
Udokotela uzokutshela kuvidiyo ekulesi sihloko ukuthi isifo sikashukela ne-angiopathy kuhlobene kanjani.
