I-Dysmetabolic (ezizimele, ifa, i-distal, i-sensorimotor, i-amyloid) i-polyneuropathy

Pin
Send
Share
Send

I-Dysmetabolic polyneuropathy ingukugula okungaqhamuka ngemuva kwesisekelo sokuba khona kwezinkinga ze-somatic ezinqunyelwe ukuphazamiseka kwe-metabolic:

  • isifo sikashukela mellitus;
  • izifo zezinso, isibindi;
  • izinkinga zokugaya ukudla.

Lezi zifo ziba yisidingo sokuswela i-thiamine namanye amavithamini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izilonda ezivame kakhulu zokuphelela kwezinzwa zangaphakathi ziyabonakala.

I-Diabetesic polyneuropathy iba nesifo sikashukela emaphesenti angama-90. Isibalo esiqondile sezinkinga ezinjalo sizoncika ngqo esikhathini sokuqhubeka kwesifo sikashukela, noma kunjalo, akuncike ekuthini sengozi saso.

Izimpawu ze-polyneuropathy zingaba futhi izidakamizwa zesifo.

Isici esibalulekile ekuthuthukiseni i-neuropathy kungaba yi-hypoxia enezinguquko. Ngenxa yalokhu, ukusetshenziswa koshukela ngezinzwa ezizungezile kuzokhubazeka.

Njengokwehluleka kwenqubo ye-glycolysis, kuzoqongelela i-lactic acid ne-pyruvic acid ngokweqile. Amacala wezinguquko enqubweni ye-thiamine phosphorylation ayaqapheleka.

Hhayi indima encane ezodlalwa ukwephulwa kwezinye izinhlobo zokudla okukhona ngokulwa nesizinda se-mellitus yesifo sikashukela:

  • i-electrolyte yamanzi;
  • lipid;
  • amaprotheni.

Isithombe somtholampilo sesi sifo

Kuzo zombili izikhathi, inkambo ye-dysmetabolic polyneuropathy ingahluka. Uma lesi sifo sikhula ekuseni ngokwanele futhi sikhonjiswa ngokuncipha okukhulu kokuzwela kokudlidliza, khona-ke ukulahleka kwamadolo kanye ne-Achilles Reflexes kungabonakala.

Leli cala elingafani ne-polyneuropathy alibangeli zinhlungu, kepha liba minyaka eminingana ngokulandelana.

Isifo sikashukela se-polyneuropathy singabonakala ngokuthuthuka kwe-subacute noma i-acute. Kulokhu, kulimala izingxenye ezithile zeziqu zezinzwa. Njengomthetho, ukulimala kwezinzwa kwenzeka:

  1. kwezesayensi;
  2. umlamuleli;
  3. ulnar;
  4. okwabesifazane.

Lezi zinkinga zingahambisana nama-paresis weqembu elihambisanayo lemisipha, izinhlungu nokuzwela kokuzwa. Uma izinzwa zabesifazane zithintekile, khona-ke ukulahleka kokuqina kwamadolo kuyabonakala.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuye kwaphawulwa ngomonakalo emithanjeni ye-cranial (ukuthunjwa, i-trigeminal, oculomotor).

Kunohlobo lwesithathu lwezifundo zesifo sikashukela se-polyneuropathy. Kubonakala ngomonakalo kwezinye izinzwa zezinto eziphelele kanye nokuthuthukiswa kokuphazamiseka kwemizwa nezimoto (ikakhulukazi imikhawulo ephansi).

Ama-Tendon reflexes anganyamalala ngokuphelele, futhi kubuhlungu be-palpation bezinzwa zemithambo buyezwakala.

Nge-polyneuropathy, ukuphazamiseka kwemifino kanye nethropiki akuyona into engjwayelekile. Kuvela izinkinga zokuchama kanye ne-postural hypotension.

Ukwelashwa kanjani?

Okokuqala, kufanele wenze ushintsho kuma-carbohydrate metabolism usebenzisa imijovo ye-insulin nokudla okukhethekile okulinganiselayo. Udokotela angancoma:

  • ama-painkiller;
  • Amavithamini e-B;
  • i-Finlepsin;
  • ganglion blockers (gangleron);
  • i-espa lipon (i-Berlition).

Isheduli yezinyathelo ezisetshenziselwa ukuqeda i-neuropathy izokhonjiswa.

I-Polyneuropathy enezifo ezihlelekile

Uma isiguli sine-lupus erythematosus ethinta isikhumba, izinso kanye nokuhlangana, khona-ke i-polyneuropathy ibonakala ngokuthuthukiswa kokuqina komzimba noma i-paresis yemisipha ye-proximal, ukulahleka kokunye kwe-tendon reflexes. Ukwehla okukhulu kokuthambekela kobuhlungu kusenokwenzeka.

Kwezinye izimo, izimpawu ze-polyneuropathy zingaba yizibonakaliso zokuqala zokuthuthuka kwezifo ezingaphansi. Ezokwelapha ziyazazi izinhlobo ezinomonakalo omkhulu ezinhlotsheni ezahlukahlukene zezingalo nasemilenzeni.

Kulokhu, sizokhuluma nge-mononeuropathy. Esikhathini samathambo anamandla, i-polyneuropathy iyabonakala futhi. Kuqala, iziveza njengokuphazamiseka okubucayi, bese kunalokho i-sensorimotor neuropathy enamandla.

Uma i-periarteritis nodosa ikhona, i-neuropathy elandelanayo yama-cranial kanye nezinzwa zomgogodla iba. Ukwephulwa okufanayo kuzohlotshaniswa nokuphazamiseka okukhulu:

  1. imifino;
  2. motor;
  3. ozwelayo.

Uhlobo olubhekwayo lwe-neuropathy luvame ukuhambisana nezimpawu ze-angiopathy zokuvuvukala kwezinye izitho nezinhlelo.

I-Hereditary polyneuropathy

Okokuqala, yi-polyneuropathy, ekhula ngokukhubazeka kwe-porphyria (ukuphazamiseka kwezakhi zofuzo). Izimpawu eziphambili zalesi sifo sofuzo yilezi:

  • Ubuhlungu emgodini wesisu;
  • ukwanda kwengcindezi yegazi;
  • ukulimala kwesistimu yezinzwa ephakathi;
  • ukukhiqizwa komchamo okunombala omnyama ohlukile.

I-Porphyric polyneuropathy izoboniswa ngenxa yenkimbinkimbi ye-neurological yezimpawu. Kulokhu, kubuhlungu, ubuthakathaka bemisipha, i-paresthesia (imikhawulo ephezulu nephansi). Ukubonakaliswa kwezimoto kungakhula kancane kancane, kuze kufinyelele ekukhubazekeni kwe-distal noma paresis.

Ngalesi sifo, isiguli sizozwa:

  1. usizi lweziqu zemithambo;
  2. ukulahleka kwazo zonke izinhlobo zokuzwela.

Ukwenza ukuxilongwa okwanele, udokotela uzocabanga ngazo zonke izimpawu zokuphazamiseka kwe-porphyrin metabolism. Ukuqeda lesi sifo, udokotela uncoma ukuphathwa kwe-glucose okufakwa emzimbeni nasekwakheni umthamo ofinyelela kuma-400 mg (ukwelashwa okufanayo kukhonjisiwe kwezinye izindlela ze-polyneuropathy).

Amyloid polyneuropathy

Uhlobo lwe-amyloid lwe-polyneuropathy lwenzeka kulezi ziguli ezinomlando we-amyloidosis yelifa. Izimpawu zayo eziphambili zomtholampilo yilezi:

  • ukuphazamiseka kwesitulo (ukuqunjelwa kanye nohudo);
  • ubuhlungu emgodini wokugaya ukudla;
  • ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo;
  • i-macroglossia (ukukhuphuka kosayizi bolimi).

Ngalesi ukugula, ukuphazamiseka kwemizwelo kusengaphambili, ngokwesibonelo, usizi lwamaphethelo, ukulahleka kobuhlungu nokuzwela kokushisa. Emazingeni akamuva, i-paresis ibuye ijoyine ukuphazamiseka.

Ngokuqondene nokwelashwa okwanele, okwamanje akukho.

I-distal sensory-motor polyneuropathy

Ngesifo sikashukela, imicu emide yezinzwa ihlala ithinteka kakhulu. I-Diabetesic polyneuropathy ibonwa kuma-40% abantu abanesifo sikashukela. Lolu hlobo lokugula lubonakala ngokungabi naluzwa kwengcindezi, izinguquko kumazinga okushisa, izinhlungu, ukudlidliza nendawo okuhlobene nezinye izinto.

I-Sensory polyneuropathy iyingozi ngoba umuntu onesifo sikashukela akabuzwa ubuhlungu noma amazinga okushisa aphezulu.

Izilonda zenzeka emaphethelweni aphansi, amanxeba kule festiyini yomlenze. Ukulimazeka okubucayi okuhlanganayo nokuqhekeka akukhishwa.

I-Sensomotor polyneuropathy ingabonakaliswa yizimpawu ezisebenzayo, ngokwesibonelo, izinhlungu eziqinile ngokwanele emilenzeni, okuyinto embi kakhulu ebusuku.

Lapho lesi sifo sikhula, ukuphazamiseka ekusebenzeni kohlelo lwe-musculoskeletal kuzobhekwa. Lapho lokhu kwenzeka:

  • ukuguqulwa kwamathambo;
  • dystrophy yemisipha;
  • ukoma ngokweqile kwesikhumba;
  • ukubonakala kwamabala obudala;
  • ithoni yesikhumba ebomvu;
  • ukujuluka kokujuluka.

Izimpawu ezibaluleke kakhulu ze-distal polyneuropathy kwisifo sikashukela kuzoba yizilonda ezenzeka phakathi kwezinzwane nakwezinyawo zezinyawo. Izilonda azikwazi ukudala usizi ngenxa yokungabikho kobuhlungu. Ezimweni ezisezingeni eliphakeme, sizokhuluma ngokunqunywa kwezingalo.

I-Autonomous polyneuropathy kushukela

Lapho kukhona izilonda zohlelo lwezinzwa ezizimele ngokumelene nesizinda sesifundo sikashukela, isiguli siyozwa:

  1. mnyama emehlweni;
  2. ukufiphala lapho iqondile;
  3. isiyezi.

Le ndlela ye-polyneuropathy izohambisana nokungasebenzi kahle ekusebenzeni okujwayelekile komgudu wokugaya ukudla, obonakaliswa ukwehla kokudla kokudla. Ngenxa yalokhu, akunakwenzeka ukuqina kokuqina kweglucose egazini likashukela.

Imbangela yokufa kungazelele kungaba ukwephula isigqi senhliziyo ku-polyneuropathy yesifo sikashukela.

Labo bantu abahlushwa yilokhu kugula bayozwa izinkinga ezivela ohlelweni lwezitho zofuzo - ukuqubuka komchamo kwenzeka. I-bladder izolahlekelwa amandla ayo okungenalutho ngokuphelele, okuba yinto yokuqala yokuthuthukiswa kwezifo ezithathelanayo. I-erectile dysfunction in autonomic polyneuropathy izophawulwa emadodeni, kanye ne-dyspareunia kwabesifazane (ukungakwazi ukufeza i-orgasm).

Pin
Send
Share
Send