Umuthi i-Victoza uboniswa ukuthi usetshenziswe kwiziguli ezinesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwe-2 njengesengezo. Kusetshenziswa ngasikhathi sinye ngokudla futhi kukhuphula umsebenzi ngokomzimba ukwenza ushukela wegazi ube ngokwejwayelekile.
I-liraglutide eyingxenye yalesi sidakamizwa inethonya kwesisindo somzimba namafutha omzimba. Isebenza ezingxenyeni zesistimu yezinzwa ephakathi ebhekele umuzwa wendlala. Isisulu sisiza isiguli ukuba sizizwe sigcwele isikhathi eside ngokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla.
Lesi sidakamizwa singasetshenziswa njengesidakamizwa esizimele, noma sihlanganiswe nezinye izidakamizwa. Uma ukwelashwa ngezidakamizwa eziqukethe i-metformin, i-sulfonylureas noma i-thiazolidinediones, kanye namalungiselelo we-insulin akunamphumela olindelekile, lapho-ke uVictoza angabekelwa imishanguzo esetshenzisiwe.
Contraindication ekusebenziseni isidakamizwa
Izici ezilandelayo zingasebenza njengezimpikiswano ekusetshenzisweni kwalo muthi:
- izinga lokuzwela kwesineke lezinto ezisebenzayo zomuthi noma izakhi zalo;
- isikhathi sokukhulelwa noma ukuncelisa;
- Uhlobo 1 sikashukela
- i-ketoacidosis, ithuthukiswe ngokumelene nesizinda sikashukela i-mellitus;
- ukulimazeka okukhulu kwezinso;
- ukungasebenzi kahle kwesibindi;
- isifo senhliziyo, ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo;
- izifo zesisu namathumbu. Izinqubo zokuvuvukala emathunjini;
- i-paresis yesisu;
- iminyaka yokubekezela.
Umuthi nokusetshenziswa kwomuthi ngabesifazane abakhulelwe noma abakhulelwe
Umuthi oqukethe i-liraglutide awunconywa ukuthi usetshenziswe ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nangesikhathi sokulungiselela sona. Ngalesi sikhathi, ukugcina ushukela ojwayelekile kufanele kube izidakamizwa eziqukethe i-insulin. Uma isiguli sisebenzisa uVictoza, khona-ke emva kokukhulelwa, ukwamukela kwakhe kufanele kumiswe ngokushesha.
Umphumela wesidakamizwa kwikhwalithi yobisi lwebele awaziwa. Ngesikhathi sokudla, ukuthatha iViktoza akunconyiwe.
Imiphumela emibi
Lapho uvivinya i-Victoza, iziguli eziningi zivame ukukhononda ngezinkinga ngepheshana lesisu. Baphawule ukuphalaza, uhudo, ukuqunjelwa, izinhlungu esiswini. Lezi zimo zazibonakala ezigulini ekuqaleni kokuphathwa ekuqaleni kwenkambo yokuphatha umuthi. Ngokuzayo, imvamisa yemiphumela emibi enjalo yancishiswa kakhulu, futhi isimo seziguli sazinza.
Imiphumela emibi evela ohlelweni lokuphefumula ibonwa kaningi, cishe ezigulini eziyi-10 zeziguli. Zakha izifo zokuphefumula eziphezulu. Lapho bethatha lo muthi, ezinye iziguli zikhononda ngokuqhubeka kwekhanda.
Ngokwelashwa okuyinkimbinkimbi ngezidakamizwa eziningana, ukuthuthukiswa kwe-hypoclycemia kungenzeka. Ngokuyisisekelo, lo mkhuba ubonakala ngokuphathwa kanyekanye neViktoza kanye nezidakamizwa eziphuma ku-sulfonylurea.
Yonke imiphumela emibi engenzeka eyenzeka lapho uthatha lesi sidakamizwa ifingqiwe kuthebula 1.
| Ama-Organs nezinhlelo / ukusabela okuphambene | Imvamisa yentuthuko | |
| Isigaba se-III | Imiyalezo ezenzakalelayo | |
| Ukuphazamiseka kwemetabolic nokudla | ||
| I-Hypoglycemia | kaningi | |
| I-Anorexia | kaningi | |
| Yehlise iphango | kaningi | |
| Ukomisa | kaningi | |
| Ukuphazamiseka kwe-CNS | ||
| Ubuhlungu bekhanda | kaningi | |
| Ukuphazamiseka Kwesisu | ||
| Isicanucanu | kaningi | |
| Isifo sohudo | kaningi | |
| Ukuqhafaza | kaningi | |
| I-Dyspepsia | kaningi | |
| Ubuhlungu besisu obuphezulu | kaningi | |
| Ukuqunjelwa | kaningi | |
| I-gastritis | kaningi | |
| I-Flatulence | kaningi | |
| Ukuqhakaza | kaningi | |
| IGastroesophageal Reflux | kaningi | |
| Burging | kaningi | |
| I-pancreatitis (kufaka phakathi i-acanc pancreatic necrosis) | kuyaqabukela | |
| Ukuphazamiseka Kwesistimu Yezokuzivikela | ||
| Ukusabela kwe-Anaphylactic | kuyaqabukela | |
| Ukutheleleka kanye nokutheleleka | ||
| Izifo zokuphefumula eziphakeme ezingaphezulu | kaningi | |
| Ukuphazamiseka okujwayelekile nokusabela endaweni yokujova | ||
| UMalaise | kaningi | |
| Ukuphendula kusayithi lomjovo | kaningi | |
| Ukwephulwa kwezinso nezinyo lomchamo | ||
| Ukwehluleka kwezinso okwenzeka kakhulu * | kaningi | |
| Umsebenzi wezinso ongalungile | kaningi | |
| Ukuphazamiseka kwesikhumba nezicubu ezingaphansi | ||
| I-Urticaria | kaningi | |
| I-Rash | kaningi | |
| Ukulunywa | kaningi | |
| Ukuphazamiseka kwenhliziyo | ||
| Izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo | kaningi | |
Yonke imiphumela emibi efingqiwe etafuleni ikhonjwe phakathi nezifundo zesikhathi eside zesigaba sesithathu somuthi i-Victoza, futhi isuselwa kwimilayezo yokuzenzakalela ezenzakalelayo. Imiphumela emibi ekhonjwe ocwaningweni lwesikhathi eside yatholakala kwiziguli ezingaphezu kwe-5% ezithatha iVictoza, uma ziqhathaniswa neziguli ezelashwa nezinye izidakamizwa.
Futhi kuleli thebula kubalwa imiphumela emibi eyenzeka ezigulini ezingaphezu kwe-1% futhi imvamisa yokuthuthuka kwayo iphindwe izikhathi ezi-2 kunemvamisa yokuthuthuka lapho uthatha ezinye izidakamizwa. Yonke imiphumela emibi etafuleni ihlukaniswe ngamaqembu ngokusekelwe kwizitho zomzimba nobuningi bokuvela.
Incazelo yokusabela okuhlukile komuntu ngamunye
I-Hypoglycemia
Le mphumela emibi ezigulini ezithatha iVictoza yazibonakalisa ngezinga eliphansi. Ezimweni zokwelashwa kwe-mellitus sikashukela kuphela ngalo muthi, ukuvela kwe-hypoglycemia enkulu akukabikwa.
Umphumela omubi, okhonjiswe ngezinga elinamandla le-hypoglycemia, wabonwa ngesikhathi sokwelashwa okuyinkimbinkimbi neViktoza ngamalungiselelo aqukethe okuphuma kwe-sulfonylurea.
Ukwelapha okuyinkimbinkimbi nge-liraglutide ngezidakamizwa ezingenayo i-sulfonylurea akunikezi imiphumela emibi ngendlela ye-hypoglycemia.
Amapheshana wesisu
Ukuphazamiseka okuyinhloko okuvela emgodini wesisu bekuvame ukuvezwa ngokuhlanza, isicanucanu kanye nohudo. Babelula ngokwemvelo futhi babonakala ngesigaba sokuqala sokwelashwa. Ngemuva kokuthi kube nokuncipha kwesibalo sale miphumela emibi. Amacala okuhoxiswa kwezidakamizwa ngenxa yokusabela okungalungile okuvela emgudwini wesisu awurekhodwanga.
Ocwaningweni lwesikhathi eside lweziguli ezithatha iVictoza zihlanganiswa ne-metformin, ama-20% kuphela abekhala ngokuhlaselwa okukodwa kwenhliziyo ngesikhathi sokuthola ukwelashwa, cishe u-12% wohudo.
Ukwelashwa okuphelele ngezidakamizwa eziqukethe i-liraglutide ne-sulfonylurea kuholele emiphumeleni emibi elandelayo: i-9% yeziguli ikhononda nge-nausea lapho ithatha imishanguzo, futhi cishe i-8% ikhononda ngohudo.
Lapho siqhathanisa ukusabela okungekuhle okuvela lapho kuthatha umuthi i-Viktoza kanye nezinye izidakamizwa ezifanayo ezimithi yemithi, ukwenzeka kwemiphumela emibi kwaphawulwa ku-8% weziguli ezathatha iVictoza no-3.5 - zithatha ezinye izidakamizwa.
Amaphesenti wokuphendula okubi kubantu asebekhulile ayephakeme kancane. Izifo ezenzeka kanye, njengokuhluleka kwe-renal, zithinta izehlakalo zokuvela kokubi.
I-pancreatitis
Ezenzakalweni zokwelashwa, kuye kwabikwa amacala ambalwa okusabela okubi kulo muthi njengokuthuthuka nokwanda kwe-pancreatic pancreatitis. Kodwa-ke, inani leziguli esitholwe yilesi sifo ngenxa yokuthatha iVictoza lingaphansi kwe-0,2%.
Ngenxa yamaphesenti aphansi alo mphumela futhi iqiniso lokuthi i-pancreatitis iyinkinga yesifo sikashukela, akunakwenzeka ukuthi liqinisekise noma liphikise leli qiniso.
I-yegilo yegilo
Njengomphumela wokufunda ngomphumela wezidakamizwa ezigulini, kwaqalwa ukwenzeka kwesimo sokuphendula okungekuhle kwe-gland yegilo. Ukuqashelwa kwenziwa ekuqaleni kwenkambo yokwelapha kanye nokusebenzisa isikhathi eside i-liraglutide, i-placebo nezinye izidakamizwa.
Iphesenti lokuphendula okungathandeki belimi ngokulandelayo:
- i-liraglutide - 33.5;
- i-placebo - 30;
- nezinye izidakamizwa - 21.7
Ubungako balezi zinamba inani lamacala wokuphendula okubi okuvela eminyakeni engu-1000 yokusebenzisa imali kweziguli. Lapho uphuza umuthi, kunengozi yokuthola ukusabela okubi kakhulu okuvela endabeni yegilo.
Phakathi kwemiphumela emibi ejwayelekile, odokotela baphawula ukwanda kwe-calcitonin yegazi, i-goiter kanye neoplasms ehlukahlukene yegland yegland.
Allergy
Lapho uthatha iVictoza, iziguli zaphawula ukwenzeka kokungezwani komzimba. Phakathi kwazo, isikhumba esikhanyayo, i-urticaria, izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zama-rashes zingahlukaniswa. Phakathi kwamacala amakhulu, amacala amaningi okuphendula kwe-anaphylactic aqapheleke ngezimpawu ezilandelayo:
- ukuncipha kwengcindezi yegazi;
- ukuvuvukala
- ubunzima bokuphefumula
- ukukhuphuka kwenhliziyo.
I-Tachycardia
Kuyaqabukela, ngokusetshenziswa kweViktoz, ukwanda kwesilinganiso senhliziyo kwaphawulwa. Kodwa-ke, ngokusho kwemiphumela yocwaningo, ukwanda okuyisilinganiso sokushaya kwenhliziyo kube ukushaywa okungama-2-3 ngomzuzu ngokuqhathaniswa nemiphumela engaphambi kokwelashwa. Imiphumela yezifundo zesikhathi eside ayinikezwanga.
Ukweqisa izidakamizwa
Ngokwemibiko ngocwaningo lwalesi sidakamizwa, kwaqoshwa elinye icala lokweqisa izidakamizwa. Umthamo wayo udlule izikhathi ezingama-40 kunconyiwe. Umphumela we-overdose wawunenhliziyo ebuhlungu kanye nokuhlanza. Into enjena njenge-hypoglycemia ayiphawulwanga.
Ngemuva kokwelashwa okufanelekile, ukwelulama ngokuphelele kwesiguli kanye nokungabikho ngokuphelele kwemiphumela evela kumithi eyeqisayo yezidakamizwa kwaphawulwa. Ezimweni ze-overdose, kuyadingeka ukulandela izincomo zodokotela futhi usebenzise ukwelashwa okubonakalayo okufanelekile.
Ukusebenzisana kweVictoza namanye ama-Medicines
Lapho kuhlolwa ukusebenza kwe-liraglutide ekwelapheni isifo sikashukela, izinga laso eliphansi lokuxhumana nezinye izinto ezakha umuthi laphawulwa. Kuphinde kwaphawulwa ukuthi i-liraglutide inomthelela othize ekufakweni kwezinye izidakamizwa ngenxa yobunzima bokukhipha isisu.
Ukusetshenziswa kanyekanye kwe-paracetamol ne-Victoza akudingi ukulungiswa kwamthamo kwanoma iyiphi yezidakamizwa. Okufanayo kusebenza kulezi zidakamizwa ezilandelayo: i-atorvastatin, i-griseofulvin, i-lisinopril, yokuvimbela inzalo ngomlomo. Ezimweni zokusetshenziswa okuhlangene nezidakamizwa zalezi zinhlobo, ukwehla kokusebenza kwazo nakho akubhekwanga.
Ukusebenza kahle kakhulu kwezokwelapha, kwezinye izimo, ukuphathwa kanyekanye kwe-insulin neViktoza kungabekwa. Ukusebenzisana kwale mishanguzo emibili bekungakaze kufundwe phambilini.
Njengoba ucwaningo lokuhambisana kweVictoza nezinye izidakamizwa lungazange lwenziwe, odokotela abaphakanyisiwe ukuthatha izidakamizwa eziningana ngasikhathi sinye.
Ukusetshenziswa komuthi nomthamo
Lesi sidakamizwa sifakwa kancane kancane ethangeni, engalweni ephezulu, noma esiswini. Ukwelashwa, umjovo wesikhathi esisodwa ngosuku wanele nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, kungakhathaleki ukuthi ukudla kudla kangakanani. Isikhathi nendawo yomjovo wayo zingashintshwa isiguli ngokuzimela. Kulokhu, kubalulekile ukuhambisana nomthamo omiselwe umuthi.
Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi isikhathi sokungawujozi akubalulekile, kusanconywa ukuphatha umuthi cishe ngasikhathi sinye, osilungele isiguli.
Kubalulekile! I-Victoza ayiphathwanga ngokuhlinzwa noma ngemithambo yegazi.
Odokotela batusa ukuqala ukwelashwa nge-0.6 mg ye-liraglutide ngosuku. Kancane kancane, isilinganiso somuthi kumele sanda. Ngemuva kwesonto lokwelashwa, umthamo wayo kufanele ukhuphuke izikhathi ezingama-2. Uma kudingekile, isiguli singangezelela umthamo siye ku-1.8 mg ngaphezulu kwesonto elizayo ukuze sithole umphumela ongcono kakhulu wokwelashwa. Ukwanda okuthe xaxa komthamo wesidakamizwa akunconywa.
I-Victoza ingasetshenziswa njengesengezo kwezidakamizwa eziqukethe i-metformin noma ekwelashweni okuyinkimbinkimbi nge-metformin ne-thiazolidinedione. Kulokhu, umthamo wale mishanguzo ungashiywa elilinganayo ngaphandle kokulungiswa.
Sebenzisa i-Viktoza njengesengezo semithi equkethe i-sulfonylurea derivatives noma njengendlela eyinkimbinkimbi enezidakamizwa ezinjalo, kuyadingeka ukwehlisa umthamo we-sulfonylurea, ngoba ukusetshenziswa kwalesi sidakamizwa ngemithamo edlule kungaholela ku-hypoglycemia.
Ukuze ulungise umthamo wansuku zonke weViktoza, akudingekile ukuthatha izivivinyo ukuthola ukuthi ushukela uphelele kangakanani. Kodwa-ke, ukuze ugweme i-hypoglycemia ezigabeni zokuqala zokwelashwa okuyinkimbinkimbi ngamalungiselelo aqukethe i-sulfonylurea, kuyadingeka ukubheka njalo amazinga eglucose egazini.
Ukusetshenziswa kwesidakamizwa emaqenjini akhethekile eziguli
Lesi sidakamizwa singasetshenziswa ngaphandle kweminyaka yobudala isiguli. Iziguli ezingaphezulu kweminyaka engama-70 azidingi ukulungiswa okhethekile kumthamo womuthi wansuku zonke. Ngokomtholampilo, umphumela womuthi ezigulini ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-18 awukasungulwa. Kodwa-ke, ukuvikela ukuvela kwemiphumela emibi kanye nezinkinga, lesi sidakamizwa asinconywa ezigulini ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-18.
Ukuhlaziywa kwezifundo kukhombisa umphumela ofanayo emzimbeni womuntu, kungakhathalekile ubulili nohlanga. Lokhu kusho ukuthi umphumela wemitholampilo we-liraglutide uzimele ngobulili nohlanga lwesiguli.
Futhi, awukho umphumela emtholampilo wesisindo somzimba we-liraglutide owatholakala. Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi inkomba yesisindo somzimba ayinawo umphumela obalulekile emiphumeleni yomuthi.
Ngezifo zezitho zangaphakathi nokwehla kwemisebenzi yazo, ngokwesibonelo, ukwehluleka kwesibindi nomainso, ukwehla kokusebenza kwento esebenzayo yomuthi kwaqapheleka. Ezigulini ezinezifo ezinje ngendlela emnene, ukulungiswa komthamo akudingeki.
Ezigulini ezinobuthakathaka obungatheni be-hepatic, ukusebenza kwe-liraglutide kwehliswe cishe yi-13-23%. Ekuhlulekeni kwesibindi okunzima, ukusebenza kahle kwacishe kwaphela. Ukuqhathanisa kwenziwa neziguli ezinokusebenza okuvamile kwesibindi.
Ekwehlulekeni kwezinso, ngokuya ngobunzima balesi sifo, ukusebenza kweViktoza kwehle ngo-14-33%. Uma kwenzeka kukhubazeka kakhulu kwe-renal, ngokwesibonelo, esimweni sokwehluleka kokubuyiselwa kwezintso kokugcina, lesi sidakamizwa asinconywa.
Imininingwane ethathwe emiyalweni esemthethweni yesidakamizwa.
