Isifo sikashukela i-mellitus yisifo esibi okunzima ukuselapha. Phakathi kwezifo ezingamahlalakhona ezingane, kusendaweni yesibili yokuxhaphaka. Lokhu kugula kuyingozi ngoba kungadala izinkinga eziningi enganeni kunokuba kumdala.
Uma ingane inezimpawu zokuqala zesifo sikashukela, odokotela benza konke ukuze akhule ngokugcwele futhi angatholi imiphumela emibi yesifo. Futhi, abazali banenhloso yokufundisa ingane ukuthi ingaphila kanjani nesifo sikashukela futhi iqinisekise ukuthi ikwazi ukujwayela iqembu. Ukulawula kangcono ushukela wakho, kufanele ulandele ngokuqinile ekudleni okuchazwe udokotela wakho.
Isifo sikashukela kanye nezimpawu zaso
Izimpawu zesifo sikashukela ezinganeni zivame ukusebenza impela, zikhula ngaphezu kwesonto. Uma ingane inezimpawu ezisolisayo noma ezingejwayelekile zesifo, kufanele uthintane nodokotela ngokushesha. Uchwepheshe wezokwelapha uzohlola isiguli, enze izivivinyo ezidingekayo futhi akhombe isifo.
Ngaphambi kokuthi ufune usizo lodokotela, kunconywa ukuthi ulinganise ushukela wakho wegazi usebenzisa imitha kashukela wegazi ekhaya. Kunoma yikuphi, izimpawu zokuqala zalesi sifo azinakwa ukuze kuvikelwe ukukhula kwesifo sikashukela kanye nezinkinga zaso.
Njengoba kunesifo sikashukela enganeni, izimpawu ezilandelayo zingaba khona:
- Ukoma okuhlala kwenzeka. Kuhlobo 1 sikashukela mellitus, ngenxa yenani likashukela egazini, umzimba uzama ukukhipha uketshezi kusuka kumaseli ukuze unciphise ushukela wegazi. Ngalesi sizathu, ingane ingaphuza kaningi, ikwenzela isidingo soketshezi.
- Ukuchama kaningi. Lapho ugcwalisa uketshezi olahlekile emzimbeni, amanzi ayaphuma ngokuchama, ngenxa yalokhu, izingane ngokuvamile zingafuna ukusebenzisa indlu yangasese. Uma kungazelelwe ingane iqale ukuyochama embhedeni ephusheni, lokhu kufanele kuxwayise abazali.
- Ukunciphisa umzimba ngokweqile. Njengoba i-glucose ingenakusebenza njengomthombo wamandla, umzimba uzama ukwenza lokhu kungabi bikho kokugcinwa kwamandla ngokushisa izicubu zomzimba nezicubu zomzimba. Ngalesi sizathu, ingane iqala ukunciphisa umzimba ngokweqile futhi yehlise isisindo kunokuba ikhule ngokuvumelanayo.
- Ukuzwa njalo kukhathala. Ingane inazo zonke izinkomba zokukhathala okungamahlalakhona ngendlela yokudangala nokushiswa ngamandla ngenxa yokushoda kwemali eyongiwe. I-glucose ayikwazi ukucutshungulwa ibe amandla, okuholela eqinisweni lokuthi zonke izitho nezicubu zihlangabezana nokushoda okukhulu kwemithombo yamandla.
- Umuzwa oqhubekayo wendlala. Njengoba ngesifo sikashukela mellitus sohlobo lokuqala, ukudla akukwazi ukumunwa ngokuphelele, ingane inezimpawu zendlala engapheli, naphezu kwalokhu. Ukuthi udla okuningi futhi kaningi.
- Ukulahlekelwa isifiso sokudla. Kwezinye izimo, kungaba nezinye izimpawu zesifo sikashukela ngendlela yokungafuni ukudla. Lokhu kukhombisa ukuba khona kwenkinga enkulu - isifo sikashukela, esisongela impilo.
- Ukulimazeka kokubonakalayo. Ukwanda kwamazinga kashukela egazini kubangela ukuphuma komzimba kwezicubu zazo zonke izitho, kufaka nelensi yeso kuhlushwa ukuntuleka kwamanzi. Ingane ine nebula emehlweni, kanye nokunye ukuphazamiseka okubukwayo. Uma ingane incane futhi ingakwazi ukukhuluma, ngeke ikubike lokho. Ukuthi akaboni kahle.
- Ukuba khona kwezifo zokukhunta. Amantombazane atholakala ngohlobo lwe-1 mellitus yesifo sikashukela avame ukuba ne-thrush. Ingane ebuntwaneni ingezwa ukuqunjelwa okukhulu kwe-diaper okubangelwa izifo zokukhunta. Lezi zimpawu zesifo ziyanyamalala uma wehlisa ushukela wegazi lakho.
- Ukuba khona kwe-ketoacidosis yesifo sikashukela. Lokhu kugula kuyinkinga enkulu ebeka impilo yakho engozini. Ingane inean nausea, ukuphefumula kaningi ngezikhathi ezithile, iphunga le-acetone liqhamuka emlonyeni. Izingane ezinjalo zisheshe zikhathale futhi zihlale zibulala. Uma kunezimpawu zalesi sifo. Kufanele uthintane nodokotela ngokushesha, ngaphandle kwalokho ingane ingalahlekelwa ingqondo futhi ife.
Ngeshwa, abazali abaningi babambezela ukwelashwa kwe-mellitus yesifo sikashukela futhi kuba nezimo ezivame kakhulu lapho lesi sifo sitholakala esibhedlela, lapho ingane igcina ukunakekelwa okuxakayo nokuxilongwa kwe-ketoacidosis. Uma uthatha izinyathelo ezifika ngesikhathi zokunciphisa ushukela wegazi, ungagwema izinkinga eziningi.
Izimbangela zesifo sikashukela enganeni
Izizathu eziqondile zokukhula kwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 ezinganeni nakubantu abadala azikakhonjwa.
Isandulela sofuzo sivame ukubamba iqhaza elikhulu ekuqaleni kwalesi sifo.
Futhi, umfutho ekuthuthukiseni lesi sifo kungaba yizifo ezaziwayo ezinjenge-rubella kanye nomkhuhlane.
Ingane isengozini ngokuzenzakalela yokuba nesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 uma:
- Omunye wabazali noma izihlobo kutholakala ukuthi unesifo sikashukela;
- Kukhona isakhi sofuzo. Ukuhlolwa kofuzo kuvame ukwenziwa ukuze kutholakale ubungozi, kepha le nqubo ibiza kakhulu futhi ingakwazisa kuphela ngezinga lobungozi.
Ngokucatshangwa, izimbangela zesifo sikashukela zingaba:
- Izifo ezithathelwanayo ezibangelwa amagciwane nezikhunta. Imvamisa iba yisisekelo sokuqalwa kwesifo.
- Izinga eliphansi legazi le-Vitamin D. Ucwaningo lukhombisa ukuthi amavithamini akuleli qembu enza ukuthi amasosha omzimba abejwayelekile, anciphisa nengozi yesifo sikashukela.
- Ukudla kwasekuqaleni kwengane ngobisi lwenkomo. Kunombono wesayensi. Ukuthi lo mkhiqizo, odliwa usemncane, ukwandisa ubungozi besifo sikashukela.
- Ukudla ukudla okungcoliswe yi-nitrate.
- Ukuzondla kwasekuqaleni kwengane ngemikhiqizo yokusanhlamvu.
I-insulin yi-hormone esiza i-glucose ukusuka egazini iye kwezicubu zamaseli, lapho ushukela usetshenziswa khona njengomthombo wamandla. Amaseli weBeta atholakala eziqhingini zeLangerhans zamanyikwe awenza umsebenzi we-insulin.
Uma umuntu ephilile, ngemuva kokudla umthamo owanele we-insulin ungena emithanjeni yegazi, ngenxa yalokho, ukugcwala kweglucose egazini kuyehla.
Ngemuva kwalokhu, ukukhiqizwa kwe-insulin yi-pancreas kuyancishiswa ukuvikela izinga likashukela ukuthi lihle ngaphansi kokujwayelekile. Ushukela usesibindi futhi, uma kunesidingo, ugcwalisa igazi ngenani elifanele likashukela.
Uma kungenayo i-insulin eyanele egazini, ngokwesibonelo, lapho ingane ilambile, isibindi sinikeza inani elanele le-glucose ukuze kulondolozwe ukuhlangana okujwayelekile koshukela egazini.
I-insulin neglucose isebenza emgomweni wokushintshana. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokuthi ukungavikeleki kubhubhise okungenani amaphesenti angama-80 amaseli we-pancreatic beta, umzimba wengane awusenakukwazi ukuthola inani elifanelekile le-insulin.
Ngenxa yokuntuleka kwale hormone, ushukela awukwazi ukungena ngokuphelele usuka egazini ungene ezicutshini zamaselula. Lokhu kuholela eqinisweni lokuthi izinga kashukela wegazi liyakhuphuka futhi libangele ukukhula kwesifo sikashukela. Lokhu kungumgomo wokubonakala kwalesi sifo ezinganeni nakubantu abadala.
Ukuvimbela Ushukela
Ngeshwa, azikho izindlela ezisobala zokuvimbela lesi sifo ezinganeni, ngakho-ke akunakwenzeka ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo sikashukela. Okwamanje, kuyadingeka ukubhekisisa impilo yengane, ikakhulukazi uma isengozini.
Njengomthetho, isifo sikashukela ezinganeni sitholwa sekwephuze ngokwanele, ngenxa yalesi sizathu abazali bangenza ukuhlolwa kwegazi okukhethekile kuma-antibodies. Lokhu kuzokuvumela ukuthi uthathe izinyathelo ngesikhathi ukuvikela ubunzima, kepha isifo uqobo asikwazi ukuvikeleka.
Uma othile emndenini noma phakathi kwezihlobo egula ngesifo sikashukela, kunconywa kusukela esemncane ukuba alandele indlela ekhethekile yokudla ukuze avimbele amaseli e-beta ekubhujisweni.
Izici eziningi azinakugwenywa, ngenkathi isimo sengqondo sokunakekela impilo yengane sizovumela abazali ukuthi bagweme ukukhula kwesifo sikashukela kusenesikhathi. Musa ukujaha ukufundisa izingane ukondla. Kunconywa ukondla ingane kuphela ngobisi lwebele kuze kube izinyanga eziyisithupha. Ukondla okwenziwe ngemithi, ngokusho kochwepheshe, kungabangela ukukhula kwesifo.
Musa ukudala indawo oyinyumba yengane yakho ukuthi ivikeleke ekuthelelekeni kanye namagciwane, lokhu kuziphatha kuzokwandisa lesi simo, ngenxa yalokho ingane engeke ikwazi ukuzivumelanisa namagciwane namagciwane ajwayelekile futhi izogula kakhulu. Vitamin D uvunyelwe ukunikezwa kuphela ngemuva kokubonisana nodokotela wezingane, futhi ngokwemvelo, udinga ukwazi ukuthi yini ushukela wegazi ojwayelekile enganeni.
Ukwelashwa kwesifo sikashukela
Ukwelashwa kwesifo sikashukela ezinganeni ngokuyinhloko kuqukethe ukulawula ushukela wegazi, ukulandela ukudla okuqinile kokulapha, kanye nokuphathwa kwe-insulin nsuku zonke. Ukusebenza ngokomzimba okuqhubekayo nokugcina idayari kuyanconywa nokuhlanganisa izibalo zokushintsha.
Isifo sikashukela i-mellitus yisifo okufanele silawulwe nsuku zonke ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka, naphezu kwamaholide, izimpelasonto, amaholide. Ngemuva kweminyaka embalwa, ingane nabazali bajwayela irejimeni elidingekayo, futhi izinqubo zokwelashwa zivame ukungathathi imizuzu eyi-15 ngosuku. Isikhathi sonke sithatha impilo ejwayelekile.
Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi isifo sikashukela aselapheki, ngakho-ke lesi sifo sizoba nengane impilo yonke. Ngobudala, imikhuba yengane nezimpawu zomzimba ngamunye ziqala ukuguquka, ngenxa yalesi sizathu, umthamo we-insulin ungashintsha.
Ukusiqonda kahle lesi sifo, ungathembeli ngokuphelele kodokotela abanganikeza izincomo eziyisisekelo kuphela. Udinga ukusebenzisa i-Intanethi, ufunde ulwazi kumasayithi akhethekile, wazi ukuthi hlobo luni lwesifo sikashukela ezinganeni lwenzeka nokuthi ungahlala kanjani nalo.
Imiphumela yokuhlolwa kweshukela egazini usebenzisa i-glucometer kufanele ibhalwe kudayari. Lokhu kuzosivumela ukulandelela amandla woshintsho futhi siqonde ukuthi umzimba wengane uyithinta kanjani i-insulin, yikuphi ukudla okunika imiphumela ebonakalayo.
