I-Glycated hemoglobin, aka HbA1c: luhlobo luni lokuhlaziywa futhi lukhombisa ini?

Iqiniso lokuthi i-hemoglobin likhona egazini lethu liyaziwa ngobuningi babantu abadala.

Kepha lokho, ngaphezu kwento ejwayelekile, i-glycated hemoglobin nayo ikhona emzimbeni, bambalwa abaqagelayo. Ngakho-ke, ukudluliselwa ekuhlolweni kwegazi kokuqinisekisa kwalesi sikhombisi kuvame ukuholela iziguli ku-stupor.

Funda ngalokho okuboniswa yilolu cwaningo lapho kunqunywa nokuthi ihlanganisani enjalo emzimbeni, funda ngezansi.

I-HbA1c: luhlobo luni lokuhlaziywa futhi lukhombisa ini?

Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-glycated hemoglobin noma i-HbA1c ukuhlaziya okubalulekile, ochwepheshe abanamathisela ukubaluleka okukhethekile kukho.

I-HbA1c idlala indima yomaka we-biochemical, imiphumela yayo ikwenza sikwazi ukuqinisekisa noma ukwenqabe ukuba khona kwesifo sikashukela esigulini esinamathuba aphezulu.

Futhi, ngosizo lwale hlobo lokucwaninga, ungalandela ukusebenza kahle kwezindlela zokwelapha ezibekwe udokotela. Inhloso eyinhloko ye-hemoglobin ukuhlinzeka amaseli nge-oxygen.

Ngokuhambisana, le nto ingena ekuphenduleni okusebenzayo nge-glucose, ngenxa yalokho kuvela kwe-hemoglobin ye-glycated. Lapho ikhuphuka kakhulu le nto esegazini, kuphakama amathuba esifo sikashukela.

Isihlobo Soshukela

Isakhi esivele singaphenduki futhi sikhona emzimbeni inqobo nje lapho iseli elibomvu eliqukethe likhona. Futhi njengoba ukuba khona kwamangqamuzana abomvu egazi kuyizinsuku ezingama-120, isikhathi “sempilo” ye-glycated hemoglobin sibuye silingane nezinyanga ezintathu.

Ukulungiselela ukulethwa

Lokhu kuhlaziywa kungathathwa nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sosuku futhi ukuzila kuleli cala akudingekile. Kodwa-ke, ochwepheshe banombono ofanayo.

Ukuthola umphumela onembe kakhulu ngemuva kwesifundo, isivivinyo kufanele sibe sesiswini esingenalutho, ekuseni.

Odokotela baphinde bancome ngokuqinile ukuthi wenqabe ekucindezelekeni nasekuzikhandlekeni komzimba ngaphambi kokuba uthathe i-biomaterial. Ukuthi ukulandela izincomo ezisohlwini kuyindaba yomuntu ngamunye esigulini ngasinye.

Kepha noma kunjalo, ungakhohlwa ukuthi i-HbA1c ngqo incike ezingeni likashukela emzimbeni. Futhi isampula yegazi ngokushesha ngemuva kokudla kuzokwandisa amathuba okuthola umphumela ngephutha.

Ngabe igazi livelaphi ukucwaninga?

Igazi lokunquma izinga le-hemoglobin ye-glycated lithathwa kuphela kusuka kumthambo. Lokhu kusebenza kuzo zonke izigaba zeziguli.

Noma ingane iphakathi kweminyaka engu-0 no-14 ubudala, uchwepheshe usazodinga igazi eline-venous. Igazi le-capillary alilungele ukufundelwa.

Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-biomaterial ethathwe emthanjeni inokwakheka okuqhubekayo futhi ayikushintshi ngokushesha njengoba isisindo segazi esijikeleza ngaphakathi kwama-capillaries. Ngokufanelekile, ngokufunda lolu hlobo lwezinto, umsizi welebhu uzokwazi ukuthola iziphetho ezinengqondo ngesimo sempilo sesiguli.

Ngabe inqunywa kanjani izinga le-hemoglobin egly gated egazini?

Inani le-hemoglobin ye-glycated egazini lingalinganiswa amayunithi ahlukene - g / l, µmol / l, U / l. Ukuhlushwa kwe-HbA1C kuvame ukuvezwa njengephesenti elihlobene ne-hemoglobin ejwayelekile. I-Biomaterial ifundelwa ezimweni zelebhu usebenzisa imishini ekhethekile.

Ukuthola imiphumela yokuhlaziywa kwe-hemoglobin ye-glycated

Uchwepheshe weqa imiphumela ngokuya ngamazinga amukelekile ngokuvamile. Ngokuya ngokuthi lelo banga likuphi, udokotela uzokwenza ukuthi ahlonzwe kahle.

Ngokwesisekelo, udokotela usebenzisa izinkomba ezilandelayo:

1. hemoglobin ngaphansi kuka-5.7%. Isibalo esinjalo sibonisa ukuthi i-HbA1c ijwayelekile, futhi kwesinye isikhathi ayinangqondo ukuyinikela. Ukuhlolwa okulandelayo kungaphasiswa esikhathini esiyiminyaka emithathu;
2. inkomba isebangeni ukusuka ku-5.7 kuye ku-6.4%. Kukhona ubungozi bokuthola isifo sikashukela, ngakho-ke isiguli sidinga ukuqapha izinkomba ngokucophelela. Ukuqinisekisa imininingwane, kungcono ukuphinda uhlole futhi ngemuva konyaka;
3. akukho ngaphezu kwe-7%. Le nkomba ikhombisa ubukhona besifo sikashukela. Ukuhlaziywa okuphindaphindwayo okunomphumela ofanayo kwenzeka ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyi-6;
4. inkomba idlule ku-10. Lokhu kusho ukuthi isiguli sisesimweni esinzima futhi sidinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha.

Izinkomba ezibalwe ngenhla zivamile. Uma kungumbuzo wezigaba ezihlukile zeziguli, amazinga akhethekile enzelwe iqembu elithile angasetshenziselwa wona.

Imikhuba ngeminyaka nokukhulelwa

Ngokunemba kokuthola isifo, ochwepheshe bakha itafula elihlukile lapho izinkomba zemikhakha yeminyaka ehlukene zazikhonjiswa:

• ezigulini ezingaphansi kweminyaka engama-45, u-6.5% uthathwa njengokujwayelekile. Umkhawulo owamukelekile uthathwa njengowesilinganiso esingu-7%. Kodwa-ke, lo mphumela "ulayiniwe" futhi kudinga ukubhekwa okwengeziwe kwesimo sempilo;
• phakathi kweminyaka engu-45 no-65, inkomba iba ngu-7%, kanti inkomba ekhombisa ubungozi bokuthola isifo sikashukela izoba ngu-7.5%;
• ngemuva kweminyaka engama-65, okujwayelekile kuzokhuphuka kuye ku-7.5%, kuthi uphawu lwe-8% lubhekwe njengomngcele oyingozi.

Kepha abesifazane abakhulelwe, izinkomba ezihlukile nazo zenzelwe zona. Njengoba umzimba womama okhulelwe uthola umthwalo ophindwe kabili ngalesi sikhathi, izinkomba ezijwayelekile zalesi sigaba seziguli zizohluka kancane kunalezi abesifazane abanempilo 'ezingekho esimweni esihle'.

Abesifazane abakhulelwe bangathatha ukuhlolwa kwe-HbA1c kuphela ezinyangeni ezingama-1-3.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, imiphumela ingahle ihlanekezelwe ngenxa yezinguquko ze-hormonal ezenzeka emzimbeni kamama okhulelwe.

Esikhathini esisuka ezinyangeni ezi-1 kuye kwezingu-3, ​​okujwayelekile kufanele kube ngu-6.5%, kepha kungabi ngaphezu komngcele ongu-7%, okubonisa ukukhula kwesifo sikashukela ngokuzayo. Amanani ancishisiwe angadala ukukhula kwe-fetus ukubambezeleka kanye nokuqala kokuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi.

Izinga eliphansi

Ushukela omncane osegazini, ophansi uzoba yiHbA1c amaphuzu.

Amanani aphansi akhombisa ukukhula kwe-hypoglycemia, ukuqala okubukhali okungaba yingozi hhayi empilweni yesifo sikashukela kuphela, kepha nasempilweni yakhe.

Ukutholwa ngesikhathi ngamazinga aphansi we-glycated hemoglobin kukuvumela ukuthi ulungise ngesikhathi esifanele imithamo yezidakamizwa ezinciphisa ushukela ezithathwe yisiguli.

Futhi, izinga elincishisiwe le-HbA1c lingakhombisa ukuthi isiguli siba nesifo segazi lapho amangqamuzana abomvu egazi angabhubhisa ngokushesha noma abe nesimo esidukelayo. Lokhu kufaka phakathi i-anemia, ukuhluleka kwe-renal okungamahlalakhona, ukususwa kwesibanda kanye nezinye izifo.

Izinga eliphakeme

Amazinga aphezulu egazi we-glycated hemoglobin angubufakazi obuqondile besifo sikashukela.

Ukuphakama kwesibalo embikweni wezokwelapha, kuba nzima kakhulu isiguli.

Uma inkomba ikhuphuka kancane, kungenzeka ukuthi ukukhula kwayo kungadala ingcindezi, ukwehluleka kwe-hormonal, noma ezinye izinto zangaphandle, ngemuva kokunyamalala lapho lelo zinga le-HbA1c lijwayelekile ngokwalo.

Isikhathi esingakanani isivivinyo senziwa ngesikhathi?

Inqubo yokuthatha amasampula egazi ayidluli kumizuzu eyi-15. Ukucutshungulwa kwemiphumela, kuye ngezimpawu zeelebhu, kungahlala kusuka ezinsukwini ezi-2 kuya kwezi-4, emva kwalokho isiguli sizokwazi ukuthola umbiko wezokwelashwa osuka kwelebhu osizayo.

Amavidiyo ahlobene

Konke okudingeka ukwazi mayelana nokuhlaziywa kwe-hemoglobin ye-glycated kuvidiyo:

Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-HbA1c kuyindlela elula nethembekile yokuthola imininingwane mayelana nenani likashukela egazini. Ukudlula njalo kwalolu vivinyo kuzokuvumela ukuthi ukhombe ukugula kwezigaba zokuqala bese uphatha lesi sifo ngendlela esifike ngesikhathi, kuvikele ukuqala kwemiphumela ebulalayo.