Umzimba womuntu ophile kahle ukhiqiza ushukela emthamo odingekile wokudla okuphathelene nezitho, futhi izinto ezengeziwe ziyachazwa kumchamo.
Iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela zinenkinga yokuhlukumezeka ohlelweni lwe-endocrine namanyikwe. Zinezinqubo ezingafanele ze-metabolic.
Lokhu kunomthelela wokwanda noma ukwehla koshukela egazini kushukela, nama-carbohydrate amaningi ekudleni kwesiguli, ingcindezi, nokuzivocavoca umzimba okuqinile kungathinta amanani ajwayelekile.
Kungani ushukela wegazi esigulini esinesifo sikashukela sihlale siphakanyiswa?
I-glucose inikezela umzimba ngamandla. Ingxenye yayo ifakwa esibindini njenge-glycogen lapho yamukelwa.
Uma i-pancreas ingasebenzi kahle, ayakhiqizi i-insulin eyanele.
Nguye osebenzisana nesibindi, elawula amazinga kashukela egazini. Ngokushoda kwayo, ushukela omningi udedelwa ku-plasma, ongakwazi ukuguqulwa ube amandla, i-hyperglycemia iyakhula.
Ushukela kufanele ube malini ushukela wohlobo 1 nohlobo 2?
Uma, ngemuva kokuhlaziywa kokuzila ukudla, okujwayelekile kudlula inani lika-5.5 mmol / l, kufanele kuthathwe ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe ngoba lokhu kungukuqala kwesifo sikashukela. Kunconywa ukwenza ukuxilongwa ngokulayisha kwe-glucose.
Amanani kashukela egazini sikashukela (mmol / l):
| Uhlobo lokufunda | Isigaba 1 sikashukela | Thayipha isifo sikashukela sesi-2 |
| Esiswini esingenalutho | 5, 5 - 7,0 | Ngaphezulu kwe-7.0 |
| Ngemuva kokulayisha | 7,8 -11,0 | Ngaphezulu kwe-11.0 |
| IGlycosylated hemoglobin | 5,7 - 6,4 | Ngaphezulu kwe-6.4 |
Uma izinkomba zidlula inani le-7 mmol / l, udokotela angakwazi ukuthola isifo sikashukela sebanga 2 futhi anikeze umuthi. Isiguli sinconyelwa ukudla okune-carb ephansi, ukuvivinya umzimba njalo, ukuthula komzwelo nokubheka njalo inani leshukela ku-plasma.
Ukuzila izinga leshukela ngobudala
Izinga loshukela wegazi alilinganiswa kuphela elabhorethri, kodwa nangosizo lwedivaysi esetshenziswa ekhaya - i-glucometer.
Amanani angashintshashintsha kuye ngeminyaka yesiguli, ukusebenza kwakhe ngokomzimba, umsebenzi wamanyikwe, okhiqiza i-insulin yehomoni. Ukuze idatha ingahlanekezelwe, awukwazi ukudla ukudla amahora ayisishiyagalombili ngaphambi kokuhlolwa.
Izinkomba ezejwayelekile esiswini esingenalutho yilezi:
- ezinganeni - 2,8 - 3.5 mmol / l;
- enganeni kusuka enyangeni kuye eminyakeni eyi-14 - 3,3-5.5 mmol / l;
- kumuntu omdala aze afike eminyakeni engama-45 - 4.1-5.8 mmol / l;
- kusuka eminyakeni engama-60 kuye kwengama-90 - 4.6-6.4 mmol / l.
Ebantwini abagugile ngeminyaka engama-90, amazinga kashukela we-plasma angadlulelwa ku-6.7 mmol / L.
Inani elivumelekile le-glycemia ngemuva kokudla ngeminyaka
Ushukela wegazi uhlala uvuka ngemuva kokudla. Imvelo yokuqukethwe ushukela - inkomba ye-7.8 mmol / l, uma ifinyelela ku-11 mmol / l - isiguli sikhula i-prediabetes.
Isibalo esingenhla kwe-11, 1 sikhombisa isifo se-degree yesibini. Ezinganeni, ngemuva kokudla, i-5.1 mmol / L ibhekwa njengenani elijwayelekile, uma lingaphezulu kwe-8, singaphinde sikhulume ngokukhula kwalesi sifo.
Izimpawu zokuphambuka kwenkomba ku-diabetics kusuka kokujwayelekile
Labo abahlushwa ukuguquguquka kweshukela we-plasma kufanele bakalwe njalo.Izinga eliphakeme lingaba nezifo ezinkulu.
Iziguli ziba nokulahleka kombono, kwesinye isikhathi izimpumputhe eziphelele zenzeka. Izinhlobo eziningi zesifo zidala ukuqina okufana nonyawo lwesifo sikashukela, okuholela ekunqunyweni komlenze.
Uma inani loshukela likhuphuka ngokushesha, isiguli sakha i-hyperosmolar coma. Iziguli eziningi zinenkinga yokugula kwenhliziyo, ziba nokuhluleka kwezinso, okuholela ekufeni.
Ngoshukela osezingeni eliphakeme kakhulu, isiguli singawela ekhefini likashukela, okuyingozi entweni eyenziwe buthaka yisifo.
Izimpawu eziphambili ze-hyperglycemia yilezi:
- ukuchama ngokweqile;
- ukukhuphuka kokubonakala kwegazi;
- umfutho wegazi ophansi;
- ukulahleka kwe-sodium, magnesium, calcium, potassium ngomzimba;
- ukwehlisa izinga lokushisa lomzimba;
- ukuncipha kokuqina kwesikhumba;
- iminyakazo
- ukwehla kwamathani we-eyeballs;
- ukukhubazeka kwemisipha.
Ngohlobo oluncike kwe-insulin, kuvela isimo esiyingozi - i-ketoacidosis. Izinto ezingumkhiqizo wokuqhekeka kwamafutha zikhishwa ziye egazini. Imizimba yeKetone inobuthi emzimbeni, ibangela ukugabha, nobuhlungu besisu. Isimo esifanayo sibonisa kaningi ezinganeni.
Ukugxumagxuma okungazelelwe kweshukela usendleleni encane nakho kuyingozi. Zingavusa ukulimala kobuchopho, okuholele ekushayweni, kukhubazeke. Lokhu kwenzeka ngoba entula i-glucose, okuyisithako sayo esiyinhloko. Amaseli alamba futhi afe ngokuncipha okungapheli koshukela wegazi.
Izinga elikhulayo
Ushukela omkhulu wegazi ubizwa nge-hyperglycemia. Ukwanda kubangelwa ukweqisa kwama-carbohydrate noshukela ekudleni, ukuhamba komuntu okuphansi.
Ukwelashwa kwezidakamizwa okungalungile kwesifo sikashukela nakho kuthinta inani lezinto eziku-plasma.
Abantu abavame ukuba sesimweni esicindezelayo, kanye nalabo abenze buthaka ukungatheleleki, bahlushwa isimo se-pathological. Iziguli ezinjalo zisengozini enkulu yokuthola izifo ezithathelwanayo.
Ngoshukela wegazi ophakeme kubantu, kukhona indlala engapheli, iphunga le-acetone elisuka emlonyeni, ukuchama kaningi, ukujuluka ngokweqile, ukuncipha kwesisindo ngokuzumayo, umuzwa wokoma, nomlomo owomile.
Inani elincishisiwe
Nge-hypoglycemia, ushukela wegazi wehla ngaphansi kuka-3.9 mmol / L.Umzimba awunazo izinto zokwakha ukusekela impilo.
Eqa kungenzeka nganoma yisiphi isikhathi. Iziguli ezihlushwa i-hypoglycemia zizizwa zibuthakathaka njalo, ukuqwasha okuvamile, isiyezi. Izinhliziyo zabo zishaya ngokushesha, amachashazi nezimpukane kubonakala phambi kwamehlo abo.
Bathola bethuthumela emilenzeni, umuzwa wokulamba. Iziguli azinakuphumula, inkumbulo yazo ikhubazekile, umuzwa ongapheli wokusaba amazibuko. Isikhumba seziguli ezinombala onsundu.
Ukwelashwa kwe-hyperglycemia ne-hypoglycemia
Ngokwemiphumela yokuhlaziywa, udokotela unquma ukwelashwa okufanele. Nge-hyperglycemia, unikezwa izidakamizwa ezinciphisa ushukela.
Kumele alandele ukudla okune-carb ephansi, anciphise ukudla ushukela nokudla okunama-khalori aphezulu. Njalo kudingeka ulinganise izinga le-glucose egazini.
Isiguli kufanele siphuze uketshezi oluningi ukuze into ethe xaxa ishiye umchamo. Kubalulekile ukuzibandakanya nemfundo yomzimba, ukugwema isiyaluyalu esingadingekile. Uma izinga likashukela lidlulwa kakhulu, iziguli zibekelwa imijovo ye-insulin ye-hormone.
Uma izinga likashukela lingaphansi kwama-3.9 mmol / L, isiguli sine-hypoglycemia. Njengesilinganiso esiphuthumayo se-hypoglycemia, udinga ukuthatha ama-15 g ama-carbohydrate asheshayo noma ingilazi yejusi, noma amathisipuni amathathu kashukela ancibilikisiwe emanzini, noma ama-lollipops ayi-5.
Ukuthathwa kwe-Hypoglycemic kukopishwa kusetshenziswa okumnandi
Ungaphuza ithebhulethi yoshukela bese uhlaziya usebenzisa i-glucometer. Uma isimo singazange sithuthuke, thatha futhi ushukela, zama ukungaphuthelwa isidlo esilandelayo. Kungcono ukuthi uthintane nodokotela ngokushesha.
Amavidiyo ahlobene
Mayelana noshukela wegazi kushukela kuvidiyo:
Isifo sikashukela, abantu abaningi banokuguquguquka okukhulu kumazinga kashukela egazini. Ngokuncipha kwenani le-glucose (ngaphansi kuka-3, 9 mmol / l), i-hypoglycemia iyatholakala, ngokwanda (ngaphezu kuka-5.5) - i-hyperglycemia. Izimbangela zesimo sokuqala zingaba ukucindezela, ukudla okuqinile, ukucindezela ngokomzimba, ukugula okungamahlalakhona.
Zombili lezi zimo ziyingozi kumuntu osengozini yokushaywa unhlangothi, ukungasebenzi kahle kwezitho zangaphakathi, umbono. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, isiguli siwela ukuqaqanjelwa. Ukuvimbela i-pathology, kunconywa ukuthatha njalo ukuhlolwa kweglucose.
Kuxilongwa ukugula kwezifo zesibindi, ukukhuluphala ngokweqile, izinkinga ngezindlala ze-adrenal kanye nezifo ze-thyroid. Kuyalulekwa futhi ukuthi uthathe uhlaziyo ngezikhathi ezithile kubadlali.
