Ukuxilongwa okuhlukile kwesifo sikashukela esincike ku-insulin futhi esingaxhomekeki ku-insulin - ungaluthola kanjani uhlobo lwe-pathology?

Njengomthetho, odokotela ngaphandle kobunzima obukhethekile bathola ukuba khona kwesifo sikashukela esigulini.

Lesi simo sichazwa yiqiniso lokuthi ezimweni eziningi, iziguli zifuna usizo kochwepheshe lapho vele isifo sezokwelapha sivele, nezimpawu zalo sezikhululiwe.

Kepha lokhu akwenzeki njalo. Kwesinye isikhathi iziguli, uma sezibonile izimpawu zokuqala zesifo sikashukela ngokwazo noma ezinganeni zazo, nazo ziphendukela kudokotela ukuze ziqinisekise noma ziphikise ukwesaba kwazo.

Ukuze ahlonzwe ngokufanele, uchwepheshe ulalela izikhalazo zesiguli amthumele ukuba ayohlolwa ngokuphelele, emva kwalokho enze isinqumo sokugcina sezokwelapha.

Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zesifo sikashukela nezimpawu zabo eziphambili

Kubalulekile ukukwazi ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwezinhlobo ze-pathology. Funda ngezici zohlobo ngalunye lwesifo sikashukela ngezansi:

• Uhlobo 1 sikashukela. Lolu uhlobo lwesifo esincike i-insulin ngenxa yokungasebenzi kahle kwamasosha omzimba, izingcindezi zokuhlaselwa, ukuhlaselwa yigciwane, isimo sofuzo sendlela yokuphila kanye nendlela yokuphila eyakheke ngokungalungile. Njengomthetho, lesi sifo sitholakala ebuntwaneni. Lapho usumdala, uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela esincike emgodini kwenzeka kaningi kakhulu. Iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela esinjalo kudingeka ziqaphe ngokucophelela amazinga azo kashukela futhi zisebenzise imijovo ye-insulin ngesikhathi esifanele ukuze zingazifikisi ekhefini;
• Uhlobo 2 sikashukela. Lesi sifo sikhula ikakhulukazi kubantu asebekhulile, kanye nalabo abaphila ngendlela engasho lutho noma abakhuluphele. Ngokugula okunjalo, ama-pancreas akhiqiza inani elanele le-insulin, noma kunjalo, ngenxa yokuntuleka kokuzwela kwama-hormone kumaseli, aqongelela egazini, ngenxa yalokho ukuvela kweglucose kungenzeki. Ngenxa yalokhu, umzimba uthola indlala yamandla. Ukuthembela kwe-insulin akwenzeki ngesifo sikashukela esinjalo;
• isifo sikashukela esingaphansi. Lolu uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela. Kulokhu, isiguli sizizwa kahle futhi asihlushwa yizimpawu, esivame ukonakalisa impilo yeziguli ezithembela ku-insulin. Ngoshukela ongaphansi, inani le-glucose egazini lenyuka kancane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ayikho i-acetone emchameni weziguli ezinjalo;
• kwezokuxhumana. Imvamisa, le ndlela yesifo kwenzeka kubantu besifazane abakhulelwe sekwephuzile. Isizathu sokwanda ushukela ukukhiqizwa okukhuphukile kwe-glucose, okudingekayo ukuze kube nokuzala okugcwele kwengane. Imvamisa, uma isifo sikashukela sokuthinta emzimbeni sivela kuphela ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, i-pathology ngemuva kwalokho inyamalala iyodwa ngaphandle kwezinyathelo zokwelashwa;
• isifo sikashukela se-latent. Iqhubeka ngaphandle kwezimpawu ezisobala. Amazinga kashukela egazini ahlala ejwayelekile, kepha ukubekezelelwa kwe-glucose kuyaphazamiseka. Uma izinyathelo zingathathwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ifomu le-latent lingaphenduka ushukela ogcwele;
• isifo sikashukela se-latent. Isifo sikashukela esibuhlungu siqala ngenxa yokungasebenzi kahle kwamasosha omzimba, ngenxa yokuthi amaseli we-pancreatic alahlekelwa amandla awo okusebenza ngokuphelele. Ukwelashwa kwesifo sikashukela esisezingeni eliphezulu kuyafana nokwelashwa okusetshenziselwa isifo sikashukela sohlobo 2. Kubalulekile ukugcina lesi sifo silawulwa.

Ungathola kanjani izinhlobo eziyi-1 noma ezi-2 zikashukela esigulini?

Ukuhlolwa kwelabhorethri kuyadingeka ukuthola ngokunembile uhlobo 1 noma isifo sikashukela. Kepha kudokotela, imininingwane etholakala phakathi nengxoxo nesiguli, kanye nangesikhathi sokuhlolwa, ngeke ibe yinto ebaluleke kangako. Uhlobo ngalunye lunezici zalo.

Uhlobo olu-1

Izici ezilandelayo zingasho ukuthi isiguli sakha isifo sikashukela sohlobo loku-1:

1. izimpawu zibonakala ngokushesha okukhulu futhi zibonakale kumaviki ambalwa;
2. abanesifo sikashukela esincike ku-insulin cishe abakaze babe nesisindo ngokweqile. Zingaba nomzimba omncane noma ojwayelekile;
3. ukoma okunamandla nokuchama kaningi, ukunciphisa umzimba ngesifiso esihle sokudla, ukungaxineki nokudonsa;
4. lesi sifo sivame ukwenzeka ezinganeni ezinesifiso sokuthola ifa.

2 uhlobo

Ukuboniswa okulandelayo kukhombisa uhlobo 2 sikashukela:

1. ukukhula kwesifo kwenzeka kungakapheli iminyaka embalwa, ngakho-ke izimpawu azivezwanga kahle;
2. iziguli zikhuluphele noma zikhuluphele;
3. ukudunwa ebusweni besikhumba, ukulunywa, ukuqunjelwa, ukushuba kwemikhawulo, ukoma okukhulu nokuhambela kaningi endlini yangasese, ukulamba njalo ngesifiso esihle;
4. akukho ukuxhumana okutholakele phakathi kofuzo nohlobo 2 sikashukela.

Iziphi izinkomba ezingahlukanisa phakathi kohlobo oluncike ku-insulin nohlobo oluzimele lwe-insulin?

Njengomthetho, iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela esingancikileli i-insulin azihlushwa zimpawu ezinamandla njengokuthi isifo sikashukela sincike ku-insulin.

Ngokuya ekudleni nasendleleni enhle yokuphila, bangacishe balilawule ngokuphelele ushukela. Endabeni yesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1, lokhu ngeke kusebenze.

Emazingeni akamuva, umzimba ngeke ukwazi ukubhekana ne-hyperglycemia ngokwayo, okuholele enkomeni.

Unganquma kanjani uhlobo lweshukela ngoshukela wegazi?

Okokuqala, isiguli sinqunywa ukuhlolwa kwegazi ngoshukela wemvelo ejwayelekile. Uthathwa emunweni noma emvinini.

Ekuphetheni, umuntu omdala uzonikezwa isibalo esisuka ku-3.3 kuya ku-5.5 mmol / L (segazi elivela emunweni) no-3.7-6.1 mmol / L (ngegazi eliphuma emthanjeni).

Uma inkomba idlula uphawu lwe-5.5 mmol / l, isiguli sitholakala sine-prediabetes. Uma imiphumela etholakele idlula i-6.1 mmol / l, lokhu kukhombisa ukuba khona kwesifo sikashukela.

Ezinye izindlela zokuxilongwa okuhlukile

Njengomthetho, cishe i-10-20% yenani lilonke leziguli linenkinga yesifo sikashukela esincike ku-insulin. Bonke abanye banesifo sikashukela esinga-insulin.

Ukuqala ngokusizwa ngosizo lokuhlaziya ukuthi hlobo luni lokugula ogulayo analo, ochwepheshe baphendukela ekuxilongeni okuhlukile.

Ukunquma uhlobo lwe-pathology, kuthathwa ukuhlolwa kwegazi okwengeziwe:

• igazi ku-C-peptide (kusiza ekuboneni ukuthi i-pancreatic insulin ikhiqiza);
• kuma-autoantibodies kuma-pancreatic beta-cell antijeni;
• ngokuba khona kwe-ketone imizimba egazini.

Ngaphezu kwezinketho ezifakwe kuhla, ukuhlolwa ngofuzo nakho kungenziwa.

Amavidiyo ahlobene

Mayelana nokuhlola okudingeka ukwenze ukuze uthole isifo sikashukela, kuvidiyo:

Ukutholwa okugcwele kohlobo lokuhlukunyezwa kwesifo sikashukela, kudingeka uhlolo olunzulu. Uma uthola noma yiziphi izimpawu eziphambili zesifo sikashukela, qiniseka ukuthi uthintana nodokotela. Ukwenza ngesikhathi esifanele kuzothatha ukulawula kwalesi sifo futhi kugweme izinkinga.