I-harbinger yokulimala kwezinso kushukela, ibuye ibe yi-microalbuminuria: indlela ejwayelekile yokuchama kanye namaqhinga okwelashwa

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Izimpawu zokuqala zomonakalo wezinso zifaka i-microalbuminuria kushukela, okubalulekile ukuthola izindlela zamaqhinga wokwelashwa.

Njengomthetho, azinaki kakhulu isimo sezinso. Lokhu kuchazwa ukukhula okude, okuhlala isikhathi eside kwe-nephropathy enezimpawu ezibucayi.

Kepha kuholela, ekugcineni, ekwehlulekeni kwezinso. Amandla okuvimbela ubunzima obunamandla be-hypoinsulinism, glomerulossteosis, kuya ngokuthi ukutholwa kusheshe kwenziwa kanjani.

Yini i-albhamuinuria?

Ama-albhamuins luhlobo lwamaprotheni akha isibindi futhi akhona kuyi-plasma yegazi. Umthamo wazo cishe u-60% wawo wonke amaprotheni.

Imisebenzi eyenziwa yi-albhamuin ibalulekile:

  • ingcindezi ye-osmotic ezinzile ezinhlelweni zomzimba;
  • ukuthutha kwemikhiqizo ekhiqizwa zombili izitho zangaphakathi (i-bilirubin, okunamafutha acid, i-urobilin, i-thyroxine), kanye nokuqhamuka ngaphandle;
  • ukudala indawo yokugcina amaprotheni.

Ama-molecule we-albhamuin - amancane ngevolumu, anokuhamba okukhulu kakhulu futhi iningi lawo.

Ngakho-ke, uma kunokuhlukumezeka ezinso, imisebenzi yokuhlunga ilahlekile okokuqala. Ukuvela kwesilinganiso esincane samaprotheni emchameni - i-microalbuminuria - kufakwa ezingeni lokuqala lokulimala kwezinso likashukela.

Ukukhohlisa kwalesi sigaba ukungabikho kokubonakaliswa kwangaphandle kwesibindi, kepha inqubo ye-pathological iyaqhubeka ukuthuthuka. Ngemuva kweminyaka embalwa (12-15) kusuka ekubonakalisweni kwesifo sikashukela, isigaba se-proteinuria siqala - ukulahleka okusobala kwamaprotheni ngumzimba.

Sekuvele kunezimpawu ezisobala zalesi sifo: ukuvuvukala, ukucindezela okwakha, ubuthakathaka. Ukuqhubekela phambili kwe-pathology kuholela esigabeni se-uremic - ukwehluleka kwe-renal kukhula.

Ngakho-ke, ukulimala kwezinso kushukela kudlula ezigabeni:

  • i-microalbuminuria;
  • i-proteinuria;
  • uremia.

Ukulahleka kwengcosana yamaprotheni sekuvele kukhombisa umonakalo omkhulu ezinso. Kepha esigabeni sokuqala, ngokwelashwa okufika ngesikhathi, kungenzeka ukumisa inqubo.

Kubalulekile ukukhomba i-pathology lapho usemncane kakhulu, noma kungakabonakali nezimpawu zomtholampilo, lapho ukwelashwa kusebenza kahle.

Ungayidlula kanjani i-urinalysis ye-microalbuminuria ku-mellitus yesifo sikashukela?

Uma kutholakala isifo sikashukela, isiguli kufanele sihlolwe ngezikhathi ezithile nge-microalbumin kumchamo ukuze siqashelwe izinguquko ezakhiweni zezinso.

Indlela ejwayelekile yokuxilongwa okunjalo ayisebenzi. Ukuthola ukuzwisiseka okunembe kakhudlwana, kusetshenziswa izindlela ze-radioimmune, ze-enzyme immunoassay, ze-immunoturbidimetric.

Kungcono ukuqoqa ukuhlaziywa ngesikhathi sosuku embizeni ehlanzekile engu-3-litre. Bese ngokulandelanayo:

  • uketshezi luxubekile;
  • I-150 ml iphonswa esitsheni esingenantambo;
  • umsizi welebhu unikezwa imininingwane mayelana nenani eliphelele lomchamo.

Izinga lokulahleka kwe-albhamuin liyahlukahluka ngesikhathi nangesikhathi somzimba.

Ngakho-ke, ukumbumbuluzwa kwabo kukhuphuka endaweni eqondile, ngokuzivocavoca, ukudla okunamaprotheni, ukutheleleka nge-urological, isifo senhliziyo, ukubhema. Ukuguga, ukukhuluphala, ukuzibandakanya kobuhlanga kuyabonakala nasemiphumeleni.

Ngaphambi kokuqoqa ukuhlaziywa, kufanele:

  • ukunciphisa ukunciphisa ukudla kwamaprotheni, usawoti, imikhiqizo yokufaka umchamo, amanzi ngokudla;
  • qaphela ukuthula ngokomzimba, ngaphandle kwezinkinga;
  • Musa ukuveza umzimba ekushiseni ngokweqile;
  • ungabhemi;
  • ukuhlanzeka ngaphambi kokuqoqa umchamo.

Kukhona inqubo esheshayo yokunqunywa kwama-microtein (imichilo ebucayi).

Ngosizo lwabo, ungenza uhlaziyo ekhaya ngemizuzu embalwa. Imiphumela ibonakala kahle uma uqhathanisa indawo enemibala yomucu nesilinganiso esivezwe kwiphakheji. Ukuzwela kokuhlolwa kuphezulu, kepha ngomphumela ongemuhle, kungcono ukuphinda lokho kuhlaziya elabhorethri.

Kubalulekile ukusebenzisa njalo zonke izindlela ezikhona zokuqapha umsebenzi wezinso. Ukuqoqwa okulungile kokuhlaziywa kuzogwema amaphutha ekuxilongeni.

Imikhuba Yabantu Abaphilile Nabanesifo Sikashukela

Abantu abaphilile futhi bathola amaprotheni amancane. Inani eliphelele lamaprotheni esivamile lingama-150 mg / dl, futhi i-albhamuin ingaphansi kwama-30 mg / dl ekukhonzeni okukodwa.

Ukulahleka kwansuku zonke kuze kufike ku-30-300 mg / ngosuku. Ukwanda kwezinkomba kungakhombisa i-pathology.

Lapho kunzima ukunquma isikhathi lapho umchamo uqoqwe khona, isilinganiso se-albhamuin ku-creatinine sinqunywa. Ebantwini, le nkomba incane kancane - i-2,5 mg / μmol ijwayelekile. Kwabesifazane, i-3.5 mg / μmol. Inani elandayo likhuluma ngobuhlungu benqubo.

Ngokunikezwe ukuthi ukumbiwa kwe-albhamuin kumchamo kuncike ezintweni eziningi futhi kungatholwa ngezikhathi ezithile emzimbeni onempilo, kunconyelwa ukwenza ukucubungula kathathu ngokulandelana ezinyangeni ezingama-3-6.

Kubalulekile uma kwenzeka isifo sikashukela sihlola ukwelashwa kwe-urinalysis kwe-microalbumin njalo.

Izizathu zokwenqatshelwa kwemiphumela yocwaningo

Ukulimazeka kwezinso kushukela lolo hlobo 1 nohlobo 2 kuhlotshaniswa nesilonda esithile:

  • izinhlelo ze-metabolic;
  • imikhumbi (i-arterioles).

Ukuntuleka kwe-insulin kuholela ekuqineni kokwenza ubukhulu bokuqamba kwama-capillaries we-glomerular kanye nokwanda kwe-lumenvascular lumen ngenxa yokwanda kokunamathiselwa ushukela kuma-molecule.

Isici se-vascular ekulweni kokuqala kwesifo sikashukela sithinta ukukhuphuka kwezinga lokuhlunga kwe-glomerular, elibangela ukwanda kwengcindezi ngaphakathi kwama-capillaries. I-glomeruli hypertrophy, kanye nokuqina kwemithambo kuyakhuphuka. Lokhu kukhuthaza ukungena kwe-albhamuin kumchamo.

Ukwelashwa kanye nokujwayezwa kwe-microalbuminuria kushukela

Ekwenzeni izindlela zokwelapha isifo sikashukela, isifo sikashukela sithole imiphumela ebalulekile. Zonke izidakamizwa ezintsha zenziwa njalo ukuze zibuyise i-insulin yendabuko.

Futhi, le ngxenye yezokwelapha ibandakanyeka ekukhetheni ukudla ngakunye, ukuvimbela okuyisisekelo, okuhlose hhayi kuphela ukwelapha isifo sikashukela, kodwa futhi nokunciphisa ukuvela kwayo.

Esigabeni se-microalbuminuria, esivele siyinkimbinkimbi yesifo, kuyadingeka:

  • lungisa kakhulu i-carbohydrate metabolism yezidakamizwa (ikakhulukazi ngokudlulisela kokuhlukahluka kwe-insulin);
  • noma ngokwanda okuncane kwengcindezi yegazi, sebenzisa i-ACE inhibitors noma iqembu le-analog (uma lingabekezeleli), ngoba linezakhiwo ezingabalulekanga;
  • Sebenzisa ama-static ekwelashweni;
  • ukwelashwa okwenziwa ngama-angioprotectors nama-antioxidants.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyadingeka ukugcina umbuso othile ku:

  • umsoco (imikhawulo yama-carbohydrate alula, othosiwe, isipayisi, usawoti);
  • sebenza futhi uphumule (musa ukusebenza ngokweqile);
  • umsebenzi womzimba (ukuzivocavoca umzimba njalo ngomthwalo obekiwe);
  • ukusebenza okunempilo (ngaphandle kwemilutha eyingozi).
Ukulandela zonke izincomo ekwelashweni nasekuvinjelweni esiteji se-microalbuminuria kuzothuthukisa kakhulu lesi simo futhi kwenze impilo iqhubeke.

Amavidiyo ahlobene

Mayelana ne-microalbuminuria kushukela kushukela kuvidiyo:

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