Kuphi ukufaka i-insulin - imithetho yomjovo

Lapho kufanele kufakwe khona i-insulin, wonke umuntu onesifo sikashukela kufanele azi ukuthi ngubani omiselwe imijovo yama-hormone.

Kukhona izindawo emzimbeni womuntu ezilungele kakhulu ukusebenzisa isidakamizwa.

Ukwenza okufanele kwenqubo kunikeza umphumela omkhulu wokwelapha futhi kunciphisa imiphumela engathandeki.

Izici zokwelapha i-insulin zesifo sikashukela uhlobo 1 no-2

Isifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 saziwa ngokushoda kwe-insulin ngokuphelele. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukwelashwa okufakwa endaweni kusetshenziswa kuzo zonke izigaba ze-pathology, futhi kuthatha isikhathi eside.

Izinkomba zokwelashwa kwe-insulin zohlobo lwe-2 yezifo zengqondo yilezi:

• ukuntuleka kwemiphumela emihle evela ekusetshenzisweni kolunye uhlobo lokwelashwa;
• imisebenzi yokuhlinzwa;
• ukukhulelwa
• ukuthuthukiswa kwezinkinga ezinzima;
• i-glycemia ephezulu esiswini esingenalutho.

Kuphi ukufaka i-insulin kushukela?

Ngokufakwa kwe-insulin ngokushesha, kulula kakhulu ukuyisebenzisa ngokungenasici ku:

• indawo yesisu (ngaphandle kwenkaba nendawo ezungezile);
• indawo yangaphandle ehlombe.

Okwehlisa kancane:

• endaweni yamabhu;
• ubuso besifazane ngaphambili.

Noma kunjalo, kunconywa ukuthi ufake i-insulin ngokwakho esiswini (ungama) kanye nengaphambili lethanga.

Ngabe ngidinga ukuguqula amasayithi womjovo?

Izindawo zokujova kumele ziguqulwe ngaso sonke isikhathi, zigwema imijovo ejwayelekile endaweni efanayo. Ibanga phakathi kwamaphoyinti wokugcina wokugcina nowamanje kufanele okungenani libe ngu-3 cm, ngaphandle kwalokho izindawo ezinobukhulu be-lipodystrophic zakha emafutheni angaphansi.

Ukushintsha amasayithi womjovo, ungasebenzisa uhlelo olulula "isisu, isicubu, ithanga". Lokhu kuzogcina ukuzwela kwezindawo zokuthola i-insulin ezingeni elifanele.

Ukuphathwa kwama-algorithm we-Artificial

Ngaphambi kokwenza umjovo, kubalulekile ukulungiselela:

• isirinji oyinyumba ngenaliti;
• ukulungiselela i-insulin. Ukuze ilunge, emazingeni okushisa asekamelweni, umuthi kufanele ukhishwe esiqandisini uhhafu wehora ngaphambi komjovo;
• uvolo wekotini notshwala boric;
• isitsha esikhethekile sesirinji esetshenzisiwe.

Lapho konke sekumi ngomumo, kufanele:

• geza izandla ngensipho bese usula owomile;
• Sula isiza somjovo wesikhathi esizayo ngephedi yokotini efakwe otshwaleni.

Iziza ze-insulin ezingaba khona

Ukushayela umuthi kahle, kufanele:

• khulula inaliti ku-cap, uyibeke kwisirinji;
• ukudonsa ipistoni, phindisela ivolumu oyifunayo yesidakamizwa ku-vial (ampoule).

Ngaphambi komjovo, kufanelekile ukuthi ubheke okuqukethwe isirinji ukuze kube khona ama-bubble air. Uma zitholakala, umoya kufanele ususwe ngenaliti. Lapho udokotela esebeke inhlanganisela yezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ze-insulin, okokuqala bathayipha ngamafuphi bese kuba yinde.

Kubalulekile ukwazi lokho

• Musa ukujova ezindaweni ezilukhuni zesikhumba noma kuma-pathological fat deposits (lipomas, njll);
• lapho ujova esiswini, inaliti akufanele ibhobozwe kungabi ngaphezu kuka-5 cm ukusuka enkabeni, futhi lapho kukhona izimvukuzane - emuva okungenani kube ngu-2 cm kubo.

Amalungiselelo e-insulin athandwa kakhulu

Zonke izidakamizwa eziqukethe i-insulin ziyahlukahluka esikhathini sokuvezwa, ngenxa yalokho, zihlukaniswa:

• mfushane
• phakathi;
• eside (eside).

Phakathi kwemithi eminingi esetshenziselwa ukwelashwa esikhundleni se-insulin, ethandwa kakhulu yile elandelayo:

1. I-Lantus. Kunqunyelwe kwabanesifo sikashukela:

• kugcina ushukela ozinzile nsuku zonke egazini;
• vimbela ukuguqulwa kwe-ushukela wezifo zesifo sohlobo lwesibili lube kolokuqala;
• ukuvikeleka okuphezulu kwamakhanseya ekubhujisweni okuphelele kwamaseli we-beta ajwayelekile kuhlobo 1 sikashukela;
• ukuvimbela i-ketoacidosis.

ILantus isho insulin esebenza isikhathi eside. Isebenzisana kahle nama-receptors abucayi futhi yakha ama-metabolites ambalwa, uma kuqhathaniswa ne-insulin yomuntu yemvelo. Ngenxa yokuthi ukwakheka kudonsa kancane futhi "kusebenza" kancane kancane, wona, ngokungafani namanye ama-insulin amade, kwanele ukujova kanye ngosuku.

2. I-NovoRapid Futhi i-analogue ye-insulin yemvelo yomuntu, kepha inamandla ngokwengeziwe ukusebenza.

Isakhi esiyinhloko ekwakhekeni kwayo yi-insulin aspart, enomphumela omfushane we-hypoglycemic. Ngenxa yokuthi ukunyakaza kwe-glucose emangqamuzaneni kuya kusebenza ngokwengeziwe, futhi izinga lokuqalwa kwalo esibindini liyancipha, izinga likashukela wegazi lehla kakhulu.

I-NovoRapid

Kulokhu:

• ukusheshisa kwe-intracellular metabolism;
• ukondleka kwezicubu kuyathuthuka;
• izinqubo ze-lipogenesis kanye ne-glycogeneis zenziwa zasebenza.

UNovoRapid uqokwe:

• ngesifo sikashukela mellitus 1 no-2;
• ukusebenza okuthe xaxa kokudlala imidlalo;
• ukuze kulungiswe isisindo somzimba sokukhuluphala;
• njengendlela yokuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwe-hyperglycemic coma.

Umuthi uhloselwe ukuphatha okufakwayo noma okufakwayo, futhi indlela yokuqala iyathandeka, ngoba ivumela ukusheshisa isenzo. Isebenza imizuzu eli-15 ngemuva komjovo, ukusebenza okuphezulu kwenzeka ngemuva kwamahora ama-2-3, futhi ubude bube amahora angama-4-5.

3. Isi-Humalogue. Izici zalo zokwelapha zisuselwa ezimfanelweni zento esebenzayo - insulin lispro - i-analogue ye-hormone yomuntu.

Isi-Humalogue

It isetshenziswa ekwelapheni i-insulin-insulin isifo sikashukela lapho:

• ukungabekezeleleki kwamanye ama-insulin, i-postprandial hyperglycemia, engeke ilungiswe nezinye izidakamizwa, kanye nokumelana ne-insulin enkulu ngokuphatha kwe-subcutaneous;
• kukhona ukungavikeleki kwama-ejenti ekwelapha ngomlomo;
• ukumuncwa kokunye okungaqondakali;
• nokungenelela kokuhlinzwa, kanye nama-pathologies amabi athinta inkambo yesifo esiyimbangela.

I-Humalogue ibhekisela kuma-insulin amafushane. Kufanele inikezwe imizuzu eyi-15 ngaphambi kokudla. Ngefomu layo elihlanzekile, lesi sidakamizwa sisetshenziswa izikhathi ezi-4-6 ngosuku, futhi sihlanganiswa nezinhlobo ezeluliwe - izikhathi ezi-3.

Izinzuzo zesikhumulo esikhethekile somjovo we-insulin

Abantu abelashwa i-insulin replacement therapy bavame ukuthi bazinike imijovo yokuqinisekisa ukuthi bukhona umuthi emzimbeni. Lokhu kudala ukuphazamiseka. Ukwenza lula inqubo, kwasungulwa itheku elikhethekile.

• ngenxa yobukhulu bawo obunesizotha, icishe ingabonakali emzimbeni;
• i-catheter eyodwa ingasetshenziswa izinsuku ezintathu, kuyilapho umuthi ufakwa echwebeni, futhi ungangeni ngqo esikhunjeni;
• kukhona ithuba lokususa ukubhoboza umzimba okuningi;
• ukusetshenziswa kwayo kunciphisa ubungozi be-hematomas, usizi, i-lipodystrophic ganda pathologies ezindaweni zomjovo.

Le divayisi ilungele ukusetshenziswa ngamapeni we-insulin, kanye nesirinji ekhethekile, ngenkathi:

• inqubo yokufaka ayibangeli buhlungu futhi idinga ubuncane bolwazi olukhethekile,
• Le divayisi ilungele abantu abanesifo sikashukela, kungakhathalekile ngobudala nangomzimba. Ichweba lilungele izingane.

Umuntu omdala ungayifaka kahle emzimbeni ngokuzimela. Uma ukukhathazeka noma ukungavikeleki, ungafuna usizo kudokotela noma umhlengikazi. Uchwepheshe uzokwenza konke ngendlela efanele, futhi ngasikhathi sinye azofunda ukuthi ungakwenza kanjani, ekhaya.

Ukwazi nokugcinwa kwemithetho yokuphathwa kwamalungiselelo e-insulin, kanye nokusebenzisa amasirinji akhethekile namadivayisi, kuzosiza ukugwema izinkinga ngokusetshenziswa kwemiyalelo kadokotela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lokhu kuzokwenza ukuthi kwenziwe ukukhohlisa ngokuphepha nangobunzima obukhulu.