Ukwelashwa kwesifo sikashukela kuvame ukudinga ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa eziqukethe i-insulin. Lokhu kufaka i-Insuman Bazal GT. Kuyasiza ukuthola ukuthi yiziphi izakhiwo nezici zayo ukuze inqubo yokuchayeka ngokwelashwa isebenze futhi iphephe.
Imininingwane ejwayelekile, ukwakheka, indlela yokukhululwa
Umenzi walesi sidakamizwa yiFrance. Ithuluzi elingeleqembu le-hypoglycemic. Idalwe ngesisekelo se-insulin yomuntu yemvelaphi ye-semisynthetic. Kuyathengiswa kutholakala ngendlela yokumiswa komjovo. Isikhathi sokuchayeka kwento esebenzayo siphakathi.
Ngaphezu kwengcenye esebenzayo, ezinye izinto ezifaka isandla ekusebenzeni kwayo zifakiwe kulo muthi.
Lokhu kufaka phakathi:
- amanzi
- i-zinc chloride;
- phenol;
- protamine sulfate;
- i-sodium hydroxide;
- glycerol;
- metacresol;
- dihydrogen phosphate sodium dihydrate;
- i-hydrochloric acid.
Ukumiswa kufanele kube homogeneous. Umbala wayo uvame ukuba mhlophe noma ucishe ube mhlophe. Sebenzisa ngokweqile.
Ungakhetha elinye lamafomu afanele kakhulu atholakala ngokuthengiswa:
- Ama-Cartridges anenani lama-3 ml (pack of 5 pcs.).
- Ama-Cartridges afakwe emapeni wesirinji. Ivolumu yabo nayo i-3 ml. Ipeni ngalinye lesirinji liyatholakala. Ephaketheni kukhona ama-5 ama-PC.
- Izindebe ezi-5 ml. Zenziwe ngengilazi engenamibala. Sekukonke, kunamabhodlela ayi-5 anjalo kwiphakethe.
Sebenzisa umuthi kuphela ngokuyalelwa nguchwepheshe, ucubungula izinkomba kanye nokulinganiselwa. Ungatadisha kuphela izici zomuthi uqobo. Ukuze kusetshenziswe kahle, kudingeka ulwazi olukhethekile.
I-Mechanism yesenzo kanye ne-pharmacokinetics
Umphumela wanoma imuphi umuthi ubangelwa izinto ezisebenzayo ezifakiwe ekwakhekeni kwawo. E-Insuman Bazal, isithako esisebenzayo yi-insulin, etholakala ngokudalwa. Umphumela wayo uyefana nalowo we-insulin ejwayelekile ekhiqizwa emzimbeni womuntu.
Umphumela wawo emzimbeni unje:
- ukunciphisa ushukela;
- ukukhuthaza kwemiphumela ye-anabolic;
- ukunciphisa ijubane le-catabolism;
- kusheshiswe ukwabiwa kwe-glucose kwezicubu ngokwenza kusebenze ukuthutha kwayo okuphakathi;
- ukukhiqizwa kwe-glycogen;
- ukucindezelwa kwe-glycogenolysis nezinqubo ze-glyconeogeneis;
- ukwehla kwesilinganiso se-lipolysis;
- ukukhuphuka kwama-lipogenesis esibindini;
- ukushesha kwenqubo yokwenziwa kwamaprotheni;
- ukugqugquzelwa kokudliwa kwe-potassium ngumzimba.
Isici sento esebenzayo esenza isisekelo salo muthi isikhathi sokwenza kwawo. Kulokhu, umphumela wawo awenzeki ngokushesha, kepha uba kancane kancane. Imiphumela yokuqala ibonakala ihora elilodwa ngemuva komjovo. Umuthi osebenza kakhulu uthinta umzimba ngemuva kwamahora ama-3-4. Umphumela walolu hlobo lwe-insulin ungahlala amahora angama-20.
Ukufakwa kwesidakamizwa kuvela kwizicubu ezingaphansi. Lapho, i-insulin ibopha ama-receptors athile, ngenxa yawo asatshalaliswa kuyo yonke izicubu zomzimba. I-Excretion yale nto yenziwa izinso, ngakho-ke isimo sabo sithinta ijubane lalenqubo.
Izinkomba kanye ne-contraindication
Sebenzisa noma yimuphi umuthi kufanele kuphephe. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ngezidakamizwa ezihlinzeka ngokwejwayelekile kwezimpawu ezibalulekile, ezibandakanya amazinga kashukela egazini.
Ukuze ukwelashwa kungalimazi isiguli, udinga ukulandela imiyalo yomuthi futhi usisebenzise kuphela uma unesifo esifanele.
I-Insuman Bazal isetshenziselwa ukwelapha isifo sikashukela. Kunqunywe ezimweni lapho isiguli sidinga ukusebenzisa i-insulin. Kwesinye isikhathi lesi sidakamizwa sisetshenziswa ngokuhlanganiswa nezinye izindlela, kepha i-monotherapy iyamukeleka.
Isici esibaluleke kakhulu sokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ukucatshangelwa kwe-contraindication. Ngenxa yazo, umuthi okhethiwe ungayiphatha kabi impilo yesiguli, ngakho-ke udokotela kumele aqale afunde ama-anamnesis futhi enze izivivinyo ezidingekayo ukuze aqiniseke ukuthi ayikho imikhawulo.
Phakathi kokuphambana okuyisisekelo kwekhambi le-Insuman kubizwa:
- ukungabekezeleli i-insulin eyodwa;
- ukungabekezeleli izingxenye zomsizi zomuthi.
Phakathi kwemikhawulo efakiwe izici ezifana:
- ukukhulelwa
- ukuncelisa;
- ukwehluleka kwesibindi;
- i-pathology ekusebenzeni kwezinso;
- iminyaka yobudala nesiguli yezingane.
Lawa macala awayona eyezokuphula umthetho okuqinile, kepha odokotela kufanele bathathe izinyathelo zokuvikela lapho benquma umuthi. Imvamisa, lezi zinyathelo ziqukethe isheke lokuhleleka kwamazinga kashukela kanye nokulungiswa komthamo. Lokhu kunciphisa ubungozi bemiphumela engafuneki.
Isisekelo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nokuqunjelwa
Ukutadisha izici zesenzo sanoma yisiphi isidakamizwa, kuyadingeka ukuthola ukuthi kuthinta kanjani abesifazane ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nokuqunjelwa.
Ukuzala ingane kuvame ukukhulisa ukwanda kwezinga likashukela wegazi likamama olindelwe, okudinga ukwenziwa okujwayelekile kwalezi zinkomba. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqonda ukuthi imiphi imithi ephephile kulesi simo.
Idatha enembile ngemiphumela ye-Insuman kowesifazane okhulelwe nakumbungu ayitholakalanga. Ngokusekelwe olwazini olujwayelekile mayelana nezidakamizwa eziqukethe i-insulin, singasho ukuthi le nto ayingeni phakathi kwe-placenta, ngakho-ke ayikwazi ukudala ukuphazamiseka ekukhuleni kwengane.
Isiguli uqobo kufanele sizuze kuphela nge-insulin. Noma kunjalo, udokotela ohambelayo kufanele acabangele zonke izici zesithombe somtholampilo futhi aqaphe ngokucophelela ukugcwala kweglucose. Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ushukela ungashintsha kakhulu ngokuya ngethemu, ngakho-ke udinga ukubabheka, ulungisa ingxenye ye-insulin.
Ngokuphaka okungokwemvelo kwengane, ukusetshenziswa kwe-Insuman Bazal nako kuvunyelwe. Isakhi salo esisebenzayo siyiprotheni yamaprotheni, ngakho-ke lapho ifika enganeni kanye nobisi lwebele, ukulimala akubonwa. Le nto ihlukaniswe emgodini wokugaya ukudla kwengane kuma-amino acid futhi iyangenwa. Kepha omama bakhonjiswa ukudla ngalesi sikhathi.
Imiphumela emibi yesidakamizwa
Ekwelashweni kwesifo sikashukela ngokusolwa. I-Insuman Bazal kumele ibhekele zonke izinguquko ezenzeka emzimbeni wesiguli. Akubona ngaso sonke isikhathi okuhle. Njengoba kushiwo kuzibuyekezo zeziguli, lo muthi ungadala imiphumela emibi eminingi, umgomo wokuqedwa kwawo kuncike ohlotsheni lwawo, ukuqina nezinye izici. Uma kwenzeka, kungalungiswa ukulungiswa komthamo, ukwelashwa okubonakalayo, kanye nokubuyiselwa komuthi nge-analogues yawo.
I-Hypoglycemia
Le nto ingenye evame kakhulu lapho usebenzisa i-insulin. Kuba khona uma umthamo womuthi ukhethwe ngendlela engafanele noma lapho ukhona hypersensitivity esigulini. Ngenxa yalokhu, umzimba ulayishwa nge-insulin eningi kunesidingo, ngenxa yokuthi lelo ushukela lizoncishiswa kakhulu. Lo mphumela uyingozi kakhulu, njengoba amacala amakhulu e-hypoglycemia engabulala.
I-Hypoglycemia ibonakala ngezimpawu ezinjengokuthi:
- ukugxilisa ingqondo
; - Isiyezi
- umuzwa wendlala;
- iminyakazo
- ukulahleka kwengqondo;
- ukuthuthumela
- i-tachycardia noma i-arrhythmia;
- ushintsho ekucindezelweni kwegazi, njll.
;Ungasusa i-hypoglycemia emnene ngokudla okuqukethe ama-carbohydrate asheshayo. Bakhuphula amazinga eglucose abe ejwayelekile futhi azinza isimo. Ezimweni ezinzima zalesi simo, kudingeka usizo lwezokwelashwa.
Kusuka emasosheni omzimba
Amasosha omzimba abanye abantu angawuphatha lo muthi ngokuphendula komzimba. Imvamisa, ukuvikela amacala anjengalawa, kwenziwa isivivinyo sokuqala sokubekezelela ukwakheka.
Kepha kwesinye isikhathi ukusetshenziswa kwalesi sidakamizwa kunqunywa ngaphandle kokuhlolwa okunjalo, okungavusa lesi simo esilandelayo:
- ukusabela kwesikhumba (i-edema, ubomvu, ukuqubuka, ukulunywa);
- i-bronchospasm;
- ukwehlisa umfutho wegazi;
- i-angioedema;
- ukwethuka kwe-anaphylactic.
Okunye ukusabela okungenhla akubonwa njengokusongela. Kwezinye izimo, ukwesulwa ngokushesha kwe-Insuman kuyadingeka, ngoba isiguli singafa ngenxa yaso.
Ukwelashwa kwe-insulin kungadala ukwanda kokulawulwa kwe-metabolic, njengomphumela lapho isiguli singakha i-edema. Futhi, leli thuluzi liholela ekubambezelweni kwe-sodium emzimbeni wezinye iziguli.
Engxenyeni yezitho ezibonakalayo, izicubu ezithambile nezikhumba
Ukuphazamiseka okubonakalayo kwenzeka ngenxa yezinguquko ezingazelelwe ekufundeni kweglucose. Lapho nje iphrofayili ye-glycemic iqondiswa, lokhu kwephulwa kudlula.
Phakathi kwezinkinga ezibalulekile ezibukwayo yile:
- ukunyuka kwe-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela;
- ukuphazamiseka okubukwayo kwesikhashana;
- ubumpumputhe besikhashana.
Kulokhu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuvikela ukuguquguquka kwamazinga kashukela.
Umphumela oyinhloko wokulwa nezicubu ezi-subcutaneous yi-lipodystrophy. Kungenxa yomjovo endaweni efanayo, obangela ukuphazamiseka kokufakwa kwento esebenzayo.
Ukuvikela lesi simo, kunconywa ukuthi kuguqulwe izindawo zokuphathwa kwezidakamizwa endaweni evumelekile yalezi zinhloso.
Ukubonakaliswa kwesikhumba kuvame ukubangelwa ukungakwazi komzimba ukwelashwa kwe-insulin. Ngemuva kwesikhathi esithile, basuswa ngaphandle kokwelashwa, noma kunjalo, udokotela ohambelayo kufanele azi ngabo.
Lokhu kufaka phakathi:
- izinhlungu
- ubomvu;
- ukwakheka kwe-edema;
- ukulunywa
- i-urticaria;
- ukuvuvukala
Konke lokhu kusabela kuvela kuphela kusayithi lomjovo noma eduze kwalo.
Imiyalo yokusebenzisa
Umuthi i-Insuman kufanele udliwe kuphela ngaphandle kokuzenzela. Kufanelwe ukuyifaka ethangeni, ehlombe noma odongeni olungaphakathi lwesisu. Ukugwema ukuthuthukiswa kwe-lipodystrophy, imijovo akufanele yenziwe endaweni efanayo, izindawo kufanele zishintshwe. Isikhathi esifanele somjovo isikhathi ngaphambi kokudla (cishe ihora noma kancane). Ngakho-ke kuzokwenzeka ukufeza umkhiqizo omkhulu kakhulu.
Ngokwesilinganiso, umthamo wokuqala ungamayunithi angama-8- 24 ngasikhathi. Kamuva, lo muthi ungashintshwa phezulu noma phansi. Ukusebenza okuvumelekile okukodwa okuvumelekile kunenani lamayunithi angama-40.
Ukukhethwa komthamo kuthintwa yinkomba efana nokuzwela komzimba kwengxenye esebenzayo yomuthi. Uma kunokuzwela okunamandla, umzimba ungena ngokushesha ku-insulin, ngakho-ke iziguli ezinjalo zidinga ingxenye encane, ngaphandle kwalokho i-hypoglycemia ingaqhamuka. Ezigulini ezinokuzwa okunciphisiwe kokwelashwa okukhiqizayo, umthamo kufanele unyuswe.
Isifundo sevidiyo sokusebenzisa ipeni lesirinji:
Ukushintshela kwenye i-insulin nokuguqula imithamo
Ukudlulisela isiguli kwesinye isidakamizwa kufanele kube ngaphansi kokuqashwa eduze kwezokwelapha. Imvamisa lokhu kwenziwa ukuvikela ukuthuthukiswa kwemiphumela emibi ngenxa ye-contraindication noma imiphumela emibi. Futhi kwenzeka ukuthi isiguli aseneme ngentengo yeBazal.
Udokotela kufanele akhethe umthamo womuthi omusha ngokucophelela ukuze angabangeli ukuguquguquka okunamandla kuphrofayela ye-glycemic - lokhu kuyingozi ngemiphumela emibi. Kubaluleke kakhulu futhi ukuthi uhlole izinga le-glucose egazini lesiguli ukuze ushintshe ngesikhathi esifanele umuthi noma umuthi wokuqonda ukuthi awulungele ukwelashwa.
Ukushintsha umthamo, udokotela kufanele ahlaziye amandla. Uma ingxenye yokuqala yesidakamizwa ingakhiqizi imiphumela, kufanele uthole ukuthi kungani lokhu kwenzeka. Kungemva kwalokhu kuphela, umthamo ungandiswa, uphinde ulawule inqubo.
Kwesinye isikhathi ukusabela ngomuthi kungahle kungabikho ngenxa yezimpawu zomzimba ngamunye, futhi i-hyperreacaction ivame ukuvela ngenxa yokuba khona kokuphambana. Uchwepheshe kuphela ongabona lokhu.
Imilinganiselo yesilinganiso samaqembu akhethekile eziguli
Kunemikhakha eminingana yeziguli mayelana nayo okudingeka ube nokuqonda ikakhulukazi.
Lokhu kufaka phakathi:
- Abesifazane abakhulelwe futhi abancelile. Ngokuqondene nabo, kuyadingeka ukuthi uhlole izinkomba ze-glucose ngokuhlelekile futhi uguqule umthamo womuthi ngokwemiphumela.
- Iziguli ezinamaphaphu wezinso nomsebenzi we-hepatic. Lezi zitho zithinteka kakhulu ngomuthi. Ngakho-ke, lapho kukhona ama-pathologies kule ndawo, isiguli sidinga isilinganiso somuthi esincishisiwe.
- Iziguli esezikhulile. Njengoba iminyaka yesiguli ingaphezu kweminyaka engama-65, kuvame ukwenzeka ukuthola ama-pathologies ekusebenzeni kwezitho ezahlukahlukene. Izinguquko ezihlobene nobudala zingathinta isibindi nezinso. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kubantu abanjalo, umthamo kufanele ukhethwe ngokucophelela. Uma kungekho ukwephulwa kulezi zitho, khona-ke ungaqala ngengxenye ejwayelekile, kepha kufanele ngezikhathi ezithile uhlole. Uma kwenzeka ukwehluleka kwezinso noma kwesibindi, qiniseka ukuthi unciphisa inani le-insulin elichithiwe.
Ngaphambi kokuthenga i-Insuman Bazal, udinga ukwenza isiqiniseko sokuthi izoba wusizo.
Ukwanda okungagunyaziwe komthamo kungadala ukweqisa komuthi. Imvamisa lokhu kuholela esimweni se-hypoglycemic, ubulukhuni bungahluka kakhulu. Kwezinye izimo, uma kungekho ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha, isiguli singafa. Ngezindlela ezibuthakathaka ze-hypoglycemia, ungamisa ukuhlaselwa usebenzisa ukudla okune-carbohydrate (ushukela, amaswidi, njll).
