Ingozi yesifo sikashukela ilele ezinkingeni eziba khona lapho isiguli sephula imithetho eyisisekelo yokuziphatha okunconyelwe lesi sifo. Enye yezimpawu ezinjalo i-hypoglycemia. Lesi simo sibonisa ukwehla kwezinga likashukela wegazi ngaphansi kwamanani amukelekile.
Kuyini i-hypoglycemia?
IGlucose ithathwa njengomunye wemithombo yamandla emzimbeni. Ngokuqukethwe kwayo okuphansi egazini, kuvela isimo esisongela impilo - i-hypoglycemia. Imvamisa, abantu abaphethwe yisifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 bavulelwa kukho, kepha kungenzeka futhi ngesifo sohlobo 2. Kwezinye izimo, lesi simo singakhombisa ezinye izifo nezinkinga zempilo.
I-glucose egazini ene-hypoglycemia ifinyelela ku-3.3 mmol / L. Ngalezo zikhathi ezinjalo, amangqamuzana obuchopho aqala ukungabi noshukela futhi, uma kungekho zinyathelo ezidingekayo zokubuyisa izinqolobane zawo, angafa.
Ukuntuleka kweglucose kuthinta kabi ukusebenza kwama-neurons, okuholela ekuxhumaneni okungahambi kahle kokunyakaza, ukulahleka kwekhono lokucabanga kahle nangokuzimela okulawula ezabo izenzo.
Ngalezi zimpawu, kubalulekile ukuqala ukwelashwa ngokushesha. Ngaphandle kwalokho, i-hypoglycemic coma ingahle ikhule, engaholela ekufeni.
Izimbangela zesimo se-hypoglycemic
Abantu abanesifo sikashukela badinga ukulandela yonke imithetho yokuziphatha ngaphakathi kwesifo sabo, okungukuthi:
- landela ukudla, ukudla;
- thatha izidakamizwa zokwenziwa ezilungele uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela noma ujova i-insulin ngokwazi;
- lawula ushukela.
Ukuziba lezi zincomo kungadala ukukhula kwemiphumela eyingozi esigulini, kufaka phakathi i-hypoglycemia.
Izici ezivusa isimo se-hypoglycemic:
- Ukwedlula emzimbeni we-insulin. Ngokuvamile lokhu kwenzeka ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela esincike ku-insulin lapho kukhishwa umthamo ongafanele wesidakamizwa.
- Izikhathi ezinkulu eziphakathi kokudla okuncane, noma ukuntuleka kokudla okudingekayo komzimba ngenxa yokucaciswa komsebenzi, hlala ezindaweni zomphakathi. Kulesi simo, umuntu angaziba ngokungazi izimpawu zokuqala ze-hypoglycemia, noma abe namahloni ngokudla okuntengayo emvelweni, enze iphutha elikhulu.
- Ukusetshenziswa kotshwala. Ngemuva kokuphuza iziphuzo ezinamandla, izinga likashukela lingancipha kakhulu ngemuva kwesikhathi esithile uma ukuphuza utshwala kungahambanga nesidlali, kufaka nenani elanele lama-carbohydrate.
- Ukusebenza ngokomzimba akuzange kubhekwe. Noma yikuphi ukusebenza kuhambisane nokusetshenziswa okwengeziwe kwe-izicubu izicubu glucose, ngakho-ke ukungabi khona kwezidlakudla ngaphambi noma ngemuva kwamakilasi kuholela ekwehleni kweshukela.
- Ukuthatha umuthi othile ongakhinyabeza ukuzwela ukubonakaliswa kwe-hypoglycemia.
- Ukuba khona kwesilinganiso esibi se-polyneuropathy yesifo sikashukela, ngenxa yokuthi kuthinteka amangqamuzana ezinzwa, ukuzwela kwe-hypoglycemia kulahlekile. Umuntu kufanele ahlole ushukela kaningi nge-glucometer ukuze agweme ukwehla okukhulu kuwo.
- Uhlobo lokuphuza olunganele. Kulokhu, umzimba uqala ukusebenzisa kakhulu imali egcinwe eglucose, okwenza ukwehla kwenkomba yayo yegazi.
Ukuhlukaniswa nezimpawu zesifo
Isimo se-hypoglycemic sihlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ngokususelwa ekubonakalisweni kwemitholampilo, ubukhulu, indlela yokukhula kwayo nemvelaphi yayo.
Izinhlobo ezinkulu ze-hypoglycemia:
- Isikhashana (neonatal). Lesi simo sivame ukuhambisana nezingane ezisanda kuzalwa futhi sichazwa ngokuntuleka kwe-glucogeneis ngesikhathi sokuhlala esibelethweni. Izinsana ezingaphambi kokukhubazeka noma ezizalwe omama abanesifo sikashukela zithambekele ekubonakalisweni kwe-neonatal hypoglycemia.
- Iyasebenza. Kutholakala kubantu abakhuluphele lapho kukhiqizwa inani elikhulu le-insulin ngenxa yokudla ngokweqile kwe-carbohydrate.
- Utshwala. Kwenzeka kubantu abasebenzisa kabi utshwala ngokungondleki.
- Ubusuku. I-Hypoglycemia yenzeka ngesikhathi sokulala kusuka emahoreni amabili kuya kwayi-4, lapho umzimba udinga kakhulu i-insulin. Imbangela yokuthuthuka kwayo yi-overdose ye-hormone ephethwe ngokuvamisile ebusuku.
- Okwe-Alimentary. Kuvela ngemuva kokuhlinzwa endaweni yokugaya (ipheshana lesisu) ngenxa yokufakwa emzimbeni weglue.
Kusukela mzuzu wokubonakaliswa kokuqala kuze kufike ekulahlekelweni kwengqondo, umuntu uhlangabezana nama-degree ama-3 we-hypoglycemia, ngayinye yayo ihambisana nezimpawu zobuntu.
Ithebula lezimpawu namazinga e-hypoglycemia:
| Degree ye | Izimbangela ezivamile | Izimpawu |
|---|---|---|
| Easy | Ukuqala kwalesi sigaba kwe-hypoglycemia kuvame ukubangelwa ukucindezelwa okuhlukahlukene, ukwesaba, noma okuhlangenwe nakho okungathí sina. | Isiguli esikulesi sigaba singazizwa sibuthakathaka, ukukhathazeka nokukhathazeka ngezizathu ezingaziwa kuye, umuzwa omncane wokulamba, i-tachycardia, ukuhlaselwa isicanucanu noma isiyezi |
| Isilinganiso | Ukuntula ukudla okulula noma okubekwe, ngokusho kwesikhathi, isidlo esikhulu | Umuntu unesithukuthuku esibandayo, ubuthakathaka, ukuthuthumela emadolweni nasezandleni, kwekhanda, kuzwakala ezindlebeni. Ukwazi isiguli kuqala ukukhula kube namafu. Ukuphazamiseka kwenkulumo, ukulahleka kokulawula kwezenzo zabo, isikhumba sesikhumba siyabonakala kubantu abaseduze. |
| Isindayo | Ukuziba izimpawu ezibonakala zisezingeni eliphakathi le-syndrome, kanye nokwenqaba kwama-carbohydrate | Umuntu ulahlekelwa ukulawula kwalesi simo kanye namaphutha. Angathola ukugoba, okubonisa ukukhululeka. Ukushisa komzimba wesiguli kuyehla, futhi izinga le-glucose lehle ngaphansi kwe-2.2 mmol / L |
Ku-mellitus yesifo sikashukela engakhokhwanga, iziguli zivame ukuba sesimweni se-hyperglycemia, lapho izinga likashukela wegazi lidlula kakhulu amanani avumelekile (ngaphezu kwe-10 mmol / l). Ukubuyisa inkomba kokujwayelekile kungadala izimpawu ze-hypoglycemia yamanga kulaba bantu.
Kulokhu, umzimba uthatha isilinganiso se-glucose ephakathi kwe-5 mmol / L, ejwayelekile kubantu abanempilo, ngenani eliphansi kakhulu. Isiguli siqala ukusebenzisa ama-carbohydrate bese siphinda sikhuthaza ukwanda kwe-glycemia.
Kubalulekile ukuthi abantu abanesifo sikashukela bakwazi ukuhlukanisa izimpawu ze-hypoglycemia yangempela kusuka ekubonakalisweni kwamanga futhi balawule amazinga abo kashukela ukugwema imiphumela eyingozi yezempilo ngenxa yokuwohloka okungazelelwe kanye nokushona kweglucose.
Usizo lokuqala
Usizo lokuqala lokuqeda izimpawu ze-hypoglycemia lubandakanya izigaba ezi-2:
- Ukudla i-carbohydrate
- Ukulawulwa kwe-Glycemia kuze kube yilapho amanani ayo evamile.
Ingxenye ngayinye yesinkwa ifaka ama-12 g wama-carbohydrate. Nge-glycemia engaphansi kuka-3.5 mmol / l, kungcono ukuphuza ujusi noma itiye elimnandi. I-chocolate noma ikhekhe kuleli cala ngeke lisebenze, ngoba aqukethe amanoni, adonswa kancane kancane.
Ngemuva kwekota yehora, ushukela kufanele ulinganiswe usebenzisa i-glucometer. Uma izinga likashukela lingaphansi kuka-3.9 mmol / l, khona-ke udinga ukusebenzisa enye i-1.5 XE, ukukala ushukela ngemuva kwemizuzu engu-15.
Uma kungekho ukwanda kwesikhombi, umthamo kufanele uphindwe ngesheke esiyisibopho sesinkomba yeglucose yegazi. Ukudla okulula okunye okunesilinganiso sokulawula sikashukela kufanele kube kuze kube yilapho inani elitholiwe kumitha lingadluli u-3.9 mmol / L.
Uma umuntu engasakwazi ukusebenzisa ngokuzimela ama-carbohydrate futhi engazi lutho, kuzodingeka ukuthi umbeke ngasohlangothini lwakhe bese ushayela i-ambulensi. Ukunika abantu okulesi simo ukuphuza noma ukudla kuyingozi, ngoba kungenzeka kwande. Ngaphambi kokufika kweqembu lezokwelapha, izihlobo zesiguli zingamjova ngesixazululo esingezansi se-glucagon, esithengiswa kukiti olukhethekile emakhemisi. Lokhu kuzosiza ukusindisa impilo.
Ukwelashwa kokugula
Ukunakekelwa okuphuthumayo kwiziguli ezingazi noma ezikhubazekile kubandakanya ukuphatha izidakamizwa esibhedlela ngokuya ngohlelo olulandelayo:
- Isixazululo se-glucose (40%) siphathwa ngokuqinile kumthamo we-40-60 ml kanye nomuthi iGlucagon. Uma izinga le-glucose lisengaphansi kokujwayelekile, khona-ke i-dropper ixhumene nekhambi le-5% lomuthi ofanayo kuze kube yilapho isiguli siphinda sazi.
- Umjovo we-adrenaline usetshenziselwa ukubuyisela ukuphefumula kanye ne-palpitations.
- Ukuvimbela i-edema yamakhemikhali, kwenziwa umjovo weMagnesia.
- Ngokuqala kokwehla komoya okujulile, i-150 mg ye-hydrocortisone iphathwe kahle ngaphakathi nesiguli.
Uma ukwazi ukungabuyeli emuntwini amahora ama-4 ngemuva kwezinyathelo ezithathiwe, lokhu kukhombisa ithuba eliphakeme le-edema yamakhemikhali, engaholela hhayi kuphela ekukhubazekeni, kepha nasekufeni.
Imiphumela yemizimba
Ukuhlaselwa njalo kwe-hypoglycemia kuthinta kabi umsebenzi wazo zonke izitho zangaphakathi.
Imiphumela eyinhloko:
- ukuthuthukiswa kwe-angiopathy yemithambo yegazi;
- ubungozi be-pathologies yenhliziyo buyanda;
- ubuchopho buyaphazamiseka;
- ukugwazwa kanye ne-edema yamabele
- izinkinga zesifo sikashukela ekuqhubekeni kwesiguli;
- coma uyeza.
Ukuhlala ekhefeni isikhathi eside kubangela ukufa kwamangqamuzana obuchopho futhi kungaholela ekufeni.
Ungasivimba kanjani isimo esiyingozi?
Unganciphisa ingozi yesimo se-pathological usebenzisa izindlela zokuvimbela, ezifaka izincomo ezilandelayo:
- zazi izindlela zokumisa lesi simo futhi ususe izimpawu zawo;
- ukwazi ukukhetha umthamo we-insulin ngokuya ngenani elihleliwe le-XE;
- ungadluli umthamo wehomoni ophethwe;
- qapha ukudla futhi ulandele uhlelo lokujova;
- Musa ukweqa ukudla okuyinhloko, kanye nokudla okuhleliwe;
- lawula i-glycemia yasekuseni, kanye noshintsho kushukela ngemuva kokudla ngakunye ne-glucometer;
- ungabuphuzi utshwala;
- uhlale uphatha ama-cubes ushukela, ushukela osezibhebheni noma ama-carbohydrate alula ukumisa i-hypoglycemia ekubonisweni kokuqala;
- qiniseka ukuthi ufunda imiyalo yemithi ethathiwe ukuze wazi ukuthi izingxenye zawo zithinta kanjani inkomba ye-glucose;
- yenza ukudla okungelula ngaphambi kokuqala ukusebenza ngokomzimba noma ukudlala imidlalo.
Kungani ushukela wegazi wehla kakhulu:
Ukudla okufika ngesikhathi ngezibonakaliso zokuqala ze-hypoglycemia kuzosiza ukuvikela ukuqala kwendlela enzima yokubonakaliswa kwayo, lapho ukudla i-carbohydrate kungasenakwenzeka.
Kunzima ukusiza umuntu osenkingeni, ikakhulukazi uma abantu abaseduze naye bengazi ngokugula kwakhe. Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi ukugwema ukuqala kwe-hypoglycemia kulula kakhulu kunokuqeda izimpawu zayo.
