Ezinganeni, uhlobo 1 sikashukela luvela ngenxa yokuphulwa kwamanyikwe. I-pathology enjalo enganeni ingavela iphikisana nesizinda sesimo esicindezelayo noma i-pancreatitis engamahlalakhona, esibi ngokulingana nentsha nasezinganeni.
Amanyikwe atholakala esikhaleni se-retroperitoneal odongeni lwasekhaya lwangemva futhi abhekisela kwizindlala zohlobo oluxubile. I-Parenchyma yenza imisebenzi ye-exocrine ne-endocrine.
Umzimba ukhiqiza ijusi le-pancreatic, equkethe ama-enzymes wokugaya kanye ne-hormone insulin, ebandakanyeka ezinqubweni eziningi ze-metabolic emzimbeni. Umsebenzi oyinhloko we-insulin ukulawula ushukela ofanele wegazi.
Uhlobo 1 sikashukela ezinganeni luyakhula ngenxa yokuntuleka kokuphuma kwe-insulin. Le pathology yenzeka ngenxa yomonakalo wethala le-gland elikhiqiza i-insulin.
Uhlobo lwe-1 mellitus yesifo sikashukela ebusheni lubizwa ngokuthi i-insulin, ngoba ukwelashwa kwe-insulin kudingeka njalo ekwelashweni nasekuvinjelweni. Kwesinye isikhathi i-insulin nayo iyadingeka kohlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, kepha lokhu akuvamile. Uhlobo 1 sikashukela alunakwenza ngaphandle kwemijovo ye-insulin.
Izimbangela zesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 ezinganeni nasebusheni
Izimbangela ezinkulu zesifo sikashukela enganeni ziyizinqubo ze-pathological eziqhingini zaseLangerhans, ezitholakala emsileni we-parenchyma. Ukulimala emgodini kungadalwa yizimbangela eziningi, njengokutheleleka ngegciwane. Kepha imvamisa, i-pancreatitis iba khona ngenxa yokulaka amasosha omzimba wengane.
Kulokhu, iziqithi zeLangerhans zichithwa ngamaseli wezicubu ze-lymphoid. Enganeni enempilo, la maseli ahlasela kuphela ama-ejenti angaphandle.
Le nqubo ibizwa nge- "autoimmune" futhi isho ukuthi umzimba ukhiqiza amasosha omzimba ngokwawo.
Izifo ze-Autoimmune
Izifo ze-Autoimmune zingahlotshaniswa nezinhlobonhlobo zezitho, njenge-gland yegland noma i-adrenal gland. Lama-pathologies ajwayelekile impela kwiziguli ezinesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1.
Lokhu kubonisa ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi ifa lesistimu yethu kulimale amasosha omzimba angadalwa ezinye izici zangaphandle.
Akwaziwa ukuthi iyiphi inqubo edala lesi sifo, kepha ososayensi baphakamisa ukuthi inqubo ye-autoimmune ingadalwa ukusetshenziswa kobisi lwenkomo noma ukutheleleka ngegciwane. Futhi inqubo ye-autoimmune uqobo ivusa ngqo ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo sikashukela ezinganeni nasentsheni.
Izimpawu ezinganeni
Ukubonakaliswa kwesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwengane kuvame ukuba nzima. Ngemuva kokudla noma phakathi kokuzila ukudla isikhathi eside, kungavela izimpawu ezingazelelwe zokuba nesiyezi nobuthakathaka.
"Amafutha" oyinhloko asetshenziswa ngamaseli emzimbeni womuntu ukusebenzisa amandla i-glucose. Uma iningi lamaseli lingaguqula amandla kusuka emafutheni nezinye izakhi, khona-ke ubuchopho nohlelo lwezinzwa zidinga i-glucose yalokhu.
I-glucose evela kuma-carbohydrate adliwayo idala ukukhiqizwa kwe-hormone insulin, ethinta ama-receptors of membrane yamangqamuzana futhi ikhuthaze ukungena kweglucose esitokisini. Uma le nqubo iphazamiseka, kukhona ukwehluleka kumetabolism namandla eselula. Inani elikhulu likashukela lingena egazini nomchamo.
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-glucose kulesi simo kuba ukungasebenzi ngokuphelele futhi izimpawu ezilandelayo zibonwa enganeni enesifo sikashukela sohlobo loku-1:
- umlomo owomile nokoma;
- ukukhathala;
- ukuchama njalo phakathi nobusuku nobusuku;
- ngokwanda kwesifiso sokudla, ukunciphisa umzimba;
- ukutheleleka fungal okubangelwa ukulunywa endaweni yezitho zangasese;
- nezinye izifo zesikhumba.
Kubalulekile! Uma ingane inenye yalezi zimpawu noma eminingana ngasikhathi sinye, kufanele iphuthunyiswe kudokotela ukuze ihlolwe.
Okubaluleke kakhulu ifa. Uma isifo sikashukela senzekile emndenini wengane, amathuba okuthola lesi sifo ayanda. Kodwa-ke, uhlobo 1 sikashukela lubikwa kaningi kunesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2. imininingwane eminingi mayelana nokuthi yini isifo sikashukela esibolile esingatholakala kuwebhusayithi yethu.
Ungayiphatha kanjani ingane
Isifo sikashukela sohlobo loku-1 sicishe sinxephezelwe imijovo yabantu nge-insulin. Ezinye izinqubo zokwelapha kanye nezinyathelo kufanele kuhloswe ngazo ekwenzeni i-metabolism iqinise umzimba futhi iqinise nokugomeka kwengane.
Ukuvimbela ushukela ezinganeni kungavezwa ngamaphuzu alandelayo:
- Ukuphathwa njalo kwe-insulin. Imijovo inikezwa nsuku zonke, isikhathi esisodwa noma ngaphezulu. Konke kuncike ohlotsheni lomuthi osetshenzisiwe.
- Ukuqedwa kokungasebenzi kahle komzimba kanye nokwenyuka komzimba okwandayo.
- Ukugcina isisindo somzimba esijwayelekile
- Ukubuyisela ukuhleleka ekudleni bese kulandela ukudla okune-carb ephansi.
- Ukuhlelwa ngokwejwayelekile kwezinqubo zamandla weselula kanye nokugcina izinga elifanele le-glucose.
Nakani! Ukwelashwa kwesifo sikashukela kufanele kukhethwe ngudokotela oqeqeshiwe we-endocrinologist. Esigulini ngasinye, lokhu kwenziwa ngakunye, kuya esigabeni, izimpawu kanye nezimpawu zomzimba.
Ukuvimbela isifo sikashukela ezinganeni nasentsheni
Ukuvimbela lesi sifo kufaka uhla lonke lwezinqubo ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwezinto ezingezinhle ezikhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo sikashukela:
- Abazali bengane bayadingeka ukuthi babheke noma yiziphi izimpawu ezibonisa ushukela wegazi ophakeme noma ophansi.
- Uma ingane isivele inesifo sikashukela, kuyadingeka ukukala njalo ushukela kwiplasma yegazi usebenzisa i-glucometer ekhethekile yesimanje.
- Amazinga we-glucose kufanele alungiswe ngomjovo we-insulin.
- Ingane kufanele inamathele ngokuqinile ekudleni okuhlanganiswe udokotela.
- Ingane kufanele njalo iphathe ushukela noma ukudla okumnandi okungadingeka uma i-hypoglycemia ikhula. Ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu, imijovo yeglucagon ingadingeka.
- Abantu abanesifo sikashukela kufanele bahlolwe njalo ngudokotela ukwephulwa kwemisebenzi yamehlo, yemilenze, yesikhumba, yezinso, nokuthi bahlole amazinga kashukela egazini.
- Ukuze ukwazi ukuvimbela ukubola kwenqubo ye-pathological, udinga ukubonana nodokotela ezigabeni zokuqala zesifo.
Izimbangela zohlobo 1 sikashukela ezinganeni
Isizathu esikhulu sokuqhamuka kwesifo ukwephulwa kwendlela yokuphila enempilo. Endaweni yesibili ukungasebenzi ngokomzimba (ukuntuleka komsebenzi wezimoto). Indima enkulu idlalwa ukwephula imigomo yokudla okunempilo. Ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo sikashukela kugqugquzelwa ukusetshenziswa kokudla okunamafutha amaningi ne-carbohydrate, futhi nokudla okuphansi kwe-carb kwesifo sikashukela kufanele kulandelwe.
Zonke lezi zinto ziyoholela ezinqubweni ze-pathological emzimbeni wengane.
Ukuzivocavoca njalo kusiza ukunciphisa ingozi yokuthuthuka nokuthuthuka kwesifo senhliziyo, isifo sokuqina kwemizwa nesifo sikashukela. Kungenzeka ukuthi ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca ngokomzimba kuzodingeka ulungise umthamo wokulungiselela i-insulin. Umthamo kuncike ubukhulu namandla ubude bomzimba.
Kubalulekile! Ukuzivocavoca ngokweqile kanye nemithamo ye-insulin eyeqile kunganciphisa kakhulu amazinga eglucose futhi kubangele ukuthuthukiswa kwe-hypoglycemia!
Ukudla kwentsha nezingane kufanele kugcwale ngocingo, ukudla kudle ngokulingana enanini lamaprotheni, amafutha kanye nama-carbohydrate. Ukusetshenziswa kwama-carbohydrate asisindo esincane, njengoshukela, akufanele kukhishwe.
Okuqukethwe kwansuku zonke kwe-carbohydrate ekudleni kufanele kube cishe okufanayo. Kufanele kube nokudla okumbili kokuthathu nokudla okungu-2-3 ngosuku. Ukudla komuntu siqu kwengane enesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 kufanele kube yi-endocrinologist.
Okwamanje akukwenzeka ngokuphelele ukuqeda ukubonakala kwalesi sifo, ngoba kuvela ngenxa yezici ezahlukahlukene. Kepha ososayensi emhlabeni wonke basitadisha lesi sifo bese benza izinguquko ezisebenzayo ekwelashweni nasekuxilongeni lesi sifo.
Izinkinga ezingaba khona zesifo
Uhlobo lwe-1 isifo sikashukela ezimweni eziningi sinikeza ubunzima obukhulu ngaphandle kokuthola ukwelashwa okwanele. Uma ungayinaki impilo yakho nempilo yezingane, kungenzeka kube nezinkinga ezilandelayo:
- I-Hypoglycemia Amazinga kashukela wegazi angakwazi ukwehla kakhulu ngenxa yesikhathi esikhulu phakathi kokudla, i-overdose yokulungiselela i-insulin, ukusebenza ngokweqile komzimba, noma i-hyperthermia.
- Izinguquko ze-insulin ezingahambi kahle zingaholela ekonyukeni okubukhali koshukela wegazi ne-ketoacidosis.
- Ku-mellitus yesifo sikashukela, isifo sokuqina kwemithambo yegazi siyakhula, okuyingozi yokuphazamiseka kokujikeleza emaphethelweni aphansi (unyawo lwesifo sikashukela, i-gangrene), izifo zenhliziyo (i-myocardial infarction, i-angina pectoris), nesifo sohlangothi.
- I-Nephropathy iyisifo sikashukela sezinso.
- I-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela kuwukwephula umsebenzi wombono.
- Ukuwohloka komgogodla - i-neuropathy yesifo sikashukela ne-angiopathy, okuholela kwizilonda kanye nezifo.
- Ingozi enkulu yokuthola izifo ezithathelwanayo.
- Ezimweni eziphambili kakhulu zalesi sifo, i-hyperosmolar, i-ketoacidotic, i-hypoglycemic ne-lactacidemic coma.
Isabelo sokudla
Alikho ikhambi eliphelele lesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1. Isici esiyinhloko kanye nesisekelo sokwelashwa okuqhubekayo kwalesi sifo ukudla okufanele. Inhlala-kahle eyenelisayo nokuxolelwa okuzinzile kungatholwa kuphela ngokulungiswa ngokucophelela kokudla kanye nokwenyuka komzimba okwenziwe.
Ubungozi bezinkinga ezinkulu ezigabeni zakamuva ngokudla okukhethwe kahle kuncishiswa kakhulu. Iningi labantu abanesifo sikashukela banomfutho we-arterial hypertension.
Amaphilisi omfutho wegazi ophakeme kufanele aphuzwe njalo ngesifo sikashukela, azosiza ukunciphisa ingozi yokuxakaniseka kwesifo senhliziyo nesifo senhliziyo.
